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语法高亮,滚动条美化,设置页面调整
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<li>差集:打印出包含在一个文件中,但不包含在其他指定文件中的行。</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="语法">语法</h3>
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<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode bash"><code class="sourceCode bash"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="fu">comm</span> [选项]... 文件1 文件2</a></code></pre></div>
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<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre><code class="language-bash"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="fu">comm</span> [选项]... 文件1 文件2</a></code></pre></div>
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<h3 id="选项">选项</h3>
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<pre><code>如果不附带选项,程序会生成三列输出。
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<pre><code class="language-bash">如果不附带选项,程序会生成三列输出。
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第一列包含文件1 特有的行,
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第二列包含文件2 特有的行,
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而第三列包含两个文件共有的行。
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@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
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</ul>
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<h3 id="实例">实例</h3>
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<p>文本 <code>aaa.txt</code> 内容</p>
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<pre><code>[root@localhost text]# cat aaa.txt
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<pre><code class="language-bash">[root@localhost text]# cat aaa.txt
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aaa
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bbb
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ccc
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@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ eee
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111
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222</code></pre>
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<p>文本 <code>bbb.txt</code> 内容</p>
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<pre><code>[root@localhost text]# cat bbb.txt
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<pre><code class="language-bash">[root@localhost text]# cat bbb.txt
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bbb
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ccc
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aaa
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@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ hhh
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ttt
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jjj</code></pre>
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<p>两个文件之间的比较,如果没有排序需要带上<code>--nocheck-order</code>参数, 没有带上参数将会收到提示,此命令重要之功能在于比较。</p>
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<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode bash"><code class="sourceCode bash"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="ex">comm</span>: 文件2 没有被正确排序</a>
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<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre><code class="language-bash"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="ex">comm</span>: 文件2 没有被正确排序</a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-2" data-line-number="2"><span class="ex">comm</span>: 文件1 没有被正确排序</a></code></pre></div>
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<p>比较结果</p>
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<pre><code>[root@localhost text]# comm --nocheck-order aaa.txt bbb.txt
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<pre><code class="language-bash">[root@localhost text]# comm --nocheck-order aaa.txt bbb.txt
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aaa
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bbb
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ccc
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@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ eee
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<p>输出的第一列只包含在aaa.txt中出现的行,第二列包含在bbb.txt中出现的行,第三列包含在aaa.txt和bbb.txt中相同的行。各列是以制表符(作为定界符。</p>
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<h3 id="有序比较">有序比较</h3>
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<p>有序比较,先通过 sort 将文件内容排序</p>
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<pre><code>[root@localhost ~]# sort aaa.txt > aaa1.txt
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<pre><code class="language-bash">[root@localhost ~]# sort aaa.txt > aaa1.txt
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[root@localhost ~]# sort bbb.txt > bbb1.txt</code></pre>
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<p>有序比较结果:</p>
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<pre><code>[root@localhost ~]# comm aaa1.txt bbb1.txt
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<pre><code class="language-bash">[root@localhost ~]# comm aaa1.txt bbb1.txt
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111
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222
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aaa
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@@ -81,12 +81,12 @@ eee
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ttt</code></pre>
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<h3 id="交集">交集</h3>
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<p>打印两个文件的交集,需要删除第一列和第二列:</p>
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<pre><code>[root@localhost text]# comm aaa.txt bbb.txt -1 -2
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<pre><code class="language-bash">[root@localhost text]# comm aaa.txt bbb.txt -1 -2
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bbb
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ccc</code></pre>
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<p><strong>求差</strong></p>
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<p>打印出两个文件中不相同的行,需要删除第三列:</p>
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<pre><code>[root@localhost text]# comm aaa.txt bbb.txt -3 | sed 's/^\t//'
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<pre><code class="language-bash">[root@localhost text]# comm aaa.txt bbb.txt -3 | sed 's/^\t//'
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aaa
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aaa
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ddd
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@@ -100,14 +100,14 @@ jjj</code></pre>
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<h3 id="差集">差集</h3>
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<p>通过删除不需要的列,可以得到aaa.txt和bbb.txt的差集:</p>
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<p>aaa.txt的差集</p>
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<pre><code>[root@localhost text]# comm aaa.txt bbb.txt -2 -3
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<pre><code class="language-bash">[root@localhost text]# comm aaa.txt bbb.txt -2 -3
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aaa
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ddd
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eee
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111
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222</code></pre>
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<p>bbb.txt的差集</p>
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<pre><code>[root@localhost text]# comm aaa.txt bbb.txt -1 -3
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<pre><code class="language-bash">[root@localhost text]# comm aaa.txt bbb.txt -1 -3
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aaa
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hhh
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ttt
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