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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>通过 shell 环境执行命令，并且将完整的输出以字符串的方式返回。</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.shell-exec" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">shell_exec</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">shell_exec</span> — <span class="dc-title">通过 shell 环境执行命令，并且将完整的输出以字符串的方式返回。</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>shell_exec</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$cmd</code></span>
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) : <span class="type">string</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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本函数同 <a href="language.operators.execution.html" class="link">执行操作符</a>。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">cmd</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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要执行的命令。
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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命令执行的输出。
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如果执行过程中发生错误或者进程不产生输出，则返回 <strong><code>NULL</code></strong>。
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</p>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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当进程执行过程中发生错误，或者进程不产生输出的情况下，都会返回 <strong><code>NULL</code></strong>，
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所以，使用本函数无法通过返回值检测进程是否成功执行。
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如果需要检查进程执行的退出码，请使用 <span class="function"><a href="exec.html" class="function">exec()</a></span> 函数。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-4362">
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<p><strong>Example #1 <span class="function"><strong>shell_exec()</strong></span> 例程</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$output </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">shell_exec</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'ls -lart'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"<pre></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #DD0000"></pre>"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-notes">
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<h3 class="title">注释</h3>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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当 PHP 运行在 <a href="features.safe_mode.html" class="link">安全模式</a> 时，不能使用此函数。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-seealso">
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<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="exec.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">exec()</a> - 执行一个外部程序</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="escapeshellcmd.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">escapeshellcmd()</a> - shell 元字符转义</span></li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</div>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>通过 shell 环境执行命令，并且将完整的输出以字符串的方式返回。</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.shell-exec" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">shell_exec</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">shell_exec</span> — <span class="dc-title">通过 shell 环境执行命令，并且将完整的输出以字符串的方式返回。</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>shell_exec</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$cmd</code></span>
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) : <span class="type">string</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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本函数同 <a href="language.operators.execution.html" class="link">执行操作符</a>。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">cmd</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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要执行的命令。
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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命令执行的输出。
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如果执行过程中发生错误或者进程不产生输出，则返回 <strong><code>NULL</code></strong>。
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</p>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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当进程执行过程中发生错误，或者进程不产生输出的情况下，都会返回 <strong><code>NULL</code></strong>，
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所以，使用本函数无法通过返回值检测进程是否成功执行。
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如果需要检查进程执行的退出码，请使用 <span class="function"><a href="exec.html" class="function">exec()</a></span> 函数。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-4362">
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<p><strong>Example #1 <span class="function"><strong>shell_exec()</strong></span> 例程</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$output </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">shell_exec</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'ls -lart'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"<pre></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #DD0000"></pre>"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-notes">
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<h3 class="title">注释</h3>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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当 PHP 运行在 <a href="features.safe_mode.html" class="link">安全模式</a> 时，不能使用此函数。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.shell-exec-seealso">
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<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="exec.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">exec()</a> - 执行一个外部程序</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="escapeshellcmd.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">escapeshellcmd()</a> - shell 元字符转义</span></li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div></div></div></body></html>
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