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135 lines
7.1 KiB
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<article id="wikiArticle">
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<div></div>
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<p>对<em>正则表达式</em>匹配<em>字符串</em>时，<strong><code>[@@match]()</code></strong>方法用于获取匹配结果。</p>
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<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>
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<pre><code class="language-javascript"><var>regexp</var>[Symbol.match](str)</code></pre>
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<h3 id="参数">参数</h3>
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<dl>
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<dt><code>str</code></dt>
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<dd>match 的目标参数是<a href="Reference/String" title="此页面仍未被本地化, 期待您的翻译!"><code>String</code></a></dd>
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</dl>
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<h3 id="返回值">返回值</h3>
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<p>match 方法会返回一个数组，它包括整个匹配结果，和通过捕获组匹配到的结果，如果没有匹配到则返回null</p>
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<h2 id="描述">描述</h2>
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<p>这个方法在 <a href="Reference/Global_Objects/String/match" title="当一个字符串与一个正则表达式匹配时， match()方法检索匹配项。"><code>String.prototype.match()</code></a> 的内部调用。例如，下面的两个方法返回相同结果。</p>
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<pre><code class="language-javascript">'abc'.match(/a/);
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/a/[Symbol.match]('abc');</code></pre>
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<p>这个方法为自定义 <code>RegExp</code> 子类中的匹配行为而存在。</p>
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<h2 id="示例">示例</h2>
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<h3 id="直接调用">直接调用</h3>
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<p>这个方法的使用方式和 <a href="Reference/Global_Objects/String/match" title="当一个字符串与一个正则表达式匹配时， match()方法检索匹配项。"><code>String.prototype.match()</code></a> 相同，不同之处是 <code>this</code> 和参数顺序。</p>
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<pre><code class="language-javascript">var re = /[0-9]+/g;
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var str = '2016-01-02';
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var result = re[Symbol.match](str);
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console.log(result); // ["2016", "01", "02"]
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="在子类中使用match">在子类中使用<code>@@match</code></h3>
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<p><a href="Reference/RegExp" title="此页面仍未被本地化, 期待您的翻译!"><code>RegExp</code></a> 的子类可以覆写 <code>[@@match]()</code>方法来修改默认行为。</p>
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<pre><code class="language-javascript">class MyRegExp extends RegExp {
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[Symbol.match](str) {
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var result = RegExp.prototype[Symbol.match].call(this, str);
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if (!result) return null;
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return {
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group(n) {
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return result[n];
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}
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};
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}
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}
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var re = new MyRegExp('([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)');
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var str = '2016-01-02';
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var result = str.match(re); // String.prototype.match calls re[@@match].
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console.log(result.group(1)); // 2016
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console.log(result.group(2)); // 01
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console.log(result.group(3)); // 02
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</code></pre>
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<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>
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<table class="standard-table">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<th scope="col">Specification</th>
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<th scope="col">Status</th>
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<th scope="col">Comment</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><a class="external" href="https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@match" hreflang="en" lang="en" rel="noopener">ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition, ECMA-262)<br/><small lang="zh-CN">RegExp.prototype[@@match]</small></a></td>
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<td><span class="spec-Standard">Standard</span></td>
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<td>初始定义。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><a class="external" href="https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-regexp.prototype-@@match" hreflang="en" lang="en" rel="noopener">ECMAScript Latest Draft (ECMA-262)<br/><small lang="zh-CN">RegExp.prototype[@@match]</small></a></td>
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<td><span class="spec-Draft">Draft</span></td>
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<td> </td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<h2 id="浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</h2>
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<div><div class="blockIndicator warning"><strong><a class="external" href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data" rel="noopener">We're converting our compatibility data into a machine-readable JSON format</a></strong>.
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This compatibility table still uses the old format,
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because we haven't yet converted the data it contains.
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<strong><a class="new" href="/zh-CN/docs/MDN/Contribute/Structures/Compatibility_tables" rel="nofollow">Find out how you can help!</a></strong></div>
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<div class="htab">
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<a id="AutoCompatibilityTable" name="AutoCompatibilityTable"></a>
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<ul>
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<li class="selected"><a>Desktop</a></li>
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<li><a>Mobile</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div></div>
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<div id="compat-desktop">
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<table class="compat-table">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<th>Feature</th>
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<th>Chrome</th>
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<th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
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<th>Internet Explorer</th>
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<th>Opera</th>
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<th>Safari</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Basic support</td>
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<td><span style="color: #888;" title="Please update this with the earliest version of support.">(Yes)</span></td>
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<td><a href="/en-US/Firefox/Releases/49" title="Released on 2016-09-13.">49</a> (49)</td>
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<td><span style="color: #f00;">未实现</span></td>
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<td><span style="color: #888;" title="Please update this with the earliest version of support.">(Yes)</span></td>
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<td><span style="color: #888;" title="Please update this with the earliest version of support.">(Yes)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div id="compat-mobile">
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<table class="compat-table">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<th>Feature</th>
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<th>Android</th>
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<th>Chrome for Android</th>
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<th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
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<th>IE Mobile</th>
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<th>Opera Mobile</th>
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<th>Safari Mobile</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Basic support</td>
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<td><span style="color: #888;" title="Please update this with the earliest version of support.">(Yes)</span></td>
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<td><span style="color: #888;" title="Please update this with the earliest version of support.">(Yes)</span></td>
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<td>49.0 (49)</td>
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<td><span style="color: #f00;">未实现</span></td>
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<td><span style="color: #888;" title="Please update this with the earliest version of support.">(Yes)</span></td>
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<td><span style="color: #888;" title="Please update this with the earliest version of support.">(Yes)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h2 id="另见">另见</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="Reference/Global_Objects/String/match" title="当一个字符串与一个正则表达式匹配时， match()方法检索匹配项。"><code>String.prototype.match()</code></a></li>
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<li><a href="Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/@@replace" title="[@@replace]() 方法会在一个字符串中用给定的替换器，替换所有符合正则模式的匹配项，并返回替换后的新字符串结果。用来替换的参数可以是一个字符串或是一个针对每次匹配的回调函数。"><code>RegExp.prototype[@@replace]()</code></a></li>
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<li><a href="Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/@@search" title="[@@search]() 方法执行了一个在给定字符串中的一个搜索以取得匹配正则模式的项。"><code>RegExp.prototype[@@search]()</code></a></li>
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<li><a href="Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/@@split" title="[@@split]() 方法切割 String 对象为一个其子字符串的数组 。"><code>RegExp.prototype[@@split]()</code></a></li>
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<li><a href="Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/exec" title="exec() 方法在一个指定字符串中执行一个搜索匹配。返回一个结果数组或 null。"><code>RegExp.prototype.exec()</code></a></li>
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<li><a href="Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/test" title="test() 方法执行一个检索，用来查看正则表达式与指定的字符串是否匹配。返回 true 或 false。"><code>RegExp.prototype.test()</code></a></li>
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</ul>
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</article> |