uTools-Manuals/docs/javascript/Reference/Operators/Expression_closures.html
2019-04-21 11:50:48 +08:00

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<article id="wikiArticle">
<div class="warning"><strong>非标准,不要使用!</strong><br/>
闭包表达式语法是废弃的 SpiderMonkey 的特性,并且<a class="external" href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1083458" rel="noopener">将被移除</a>。为了长远使用,考虑使用<a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Arrow_functions">箭头函数</a></div>
<div></div>
<p>表达式闭包是定义简单函数的一种便捷方式。</p>
<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>
<pre><code class="language-javascript">function [<em>name</em>]([<em>param1</em>[, <em>param2[</em>, ..., <em>paramN</em>]]])
<em>expression</em>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="参数">参数</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>name</code></dt>
<dd>函数名。函数名可以省略不写,称为匿名函数。函数名仅在函数体有效。</dd>
<dt><code>paramN</code></dt>
<dd>形参名。一个函数最多可以有255个参数。</dd>
<dt><code>expression</code></dt>
<dd>构成函数体的表达式。</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="描述">描述</h2>
<p>这一附加特性只是编写简单函数的快捷方式,让语言更类似通常的 <a class="external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda_calculus#Lambda_calculus_and_programming_languages" rel="noopener">Lambda 标记</a></p>
<p>JavaScript 1.7 及之前版本:</p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript">function(x) { return x * x; }</code></pre>
<p>JavaScript 1.8</p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript">function(x) x * x</code></pre>
<p>该语法支持省略花括号和'return'语句。使用这种编码的目的只是为了在句法上使得代码更加简化,但除此之外没有其他好处。</p>
<h2 id="示例">示例</h2>
<p>一种绑定事件监听器的便捷方式:</p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript"> document.addEventListener("click", function() false, true);
</code></pre>
<p>在 JavaScript 1.6 中的一些数组函数中使用该标记:</p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript">elems.some(function(elem) elem.type == "text");
</code></pre>
<h2 id="浏览器兼容">浏览器兼容</h2>
<div class="hidden">The compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out <a class="external" href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data" rel="noopener">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> and send us a pull request.</div>
<p></p><div class="bc-data"><a class="bc-github-link external" href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data" rel="noopener">Update compatibility data on GitHub</a><table class="bc-table bc-table-js"><thead><tr class="bc-platforms"><td></td><th class="bc-platform-desktop" colspan="6"><span>Desktop</span></th><th class="bc-platform-mobile" colspan="7"><span>Mobile</span></th><th class="bc-platform-server" colspan="1"><span>Server</span></th></tr><tr class="bc-browsers"><td></td><th class="bc-browser-chrome"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-chrome">Chrome</span></th><th class="bc-browser-edge"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-edge">Edge</span></th><th class="bc-browser-firefox"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-firefox">Firefox</span></th><th class="bc-browser-ie"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-ie">Internet Explorer</span></th><th class="bc-browser-opera"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-opera">Opera</span></th><th class="bc-browser-safari"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-safari">Safari</span></th><th class="bc-browser-webview_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-webview_android">Android webview</span></th><th class="bc-browser-chrome_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-chrome_android">Chrome for Android</span></th><th class="bc-browser-edge_mobile"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-edge_mobile">Edge Mobile</span></th><th class="bc-browser-firefox_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-firefox_android">Firefox for Android</span></th><th class="bc-browser-opera_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-opera_android">Opera for Android</span></th><th class="bc-browser-safari_ios"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-safari_ios">Safari on iOS</span></th><th class="bc-browser-samsunginternet_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-samsunginternet_android">Samsung Internet</span></th><th class="bc-browser-nodejs"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-nodejs">Node.js</span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th scope="row">Expression closures <div class="bc-icons"><abbr class="only-icon" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."><span>Deprecated</span><i class="ic-deprecated"></i></abbr><abbr class="only-icon" title="Non-standard. Expect poor cross-browser support."><span>Non-standard</span><i class="ic-non-standard"></i></abbr></div></th><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-chrome"><span class="bc-browser-name">Chrome</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-edge"><span class="bc-browser-name">Edge</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-firefox"><span class="bc-browser-name">Firefox</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>3 — 60</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-ie"><span class="bc-browser-name">IE</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-opera"><span class="bc-browser-name">Opera</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-safari"><span class="bc-browser-name">Safari</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-webview_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">WebView Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-chrome_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">Chrome Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-edge_mobile"><span class="bc-browser-name">Edge Mobile</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-firefox_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">Firefox Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>4 — 60</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-opera_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">Opera Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-safari_ios"><span class="bc-browser-name">Safari iOS</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-samsunginternet_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">Samsung Internet Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-nodejs"><span class="bc-browser-name">nodejs</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
No</td></tr></tbody></table><section class="bc-legend" id="sect1"><h3 class="offscreen" id="Legend">Legend</h3><dl><dt><span class="bc-supports-no bc-supports">
<abbr class="bc-level bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
 
</abbr></span></dt><dd>No support</dd><dt><abbr class="only-icon" title="Non-standard. Expect poor cross-browser support."><span>Non-standard. Expect poor cross-browser support.</span><i class="ic-non-standard"></i></abbr></dt><dd>Non-standard. Expect poor cross-browser support.</dd><dt><abbr class="only-icon" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."><span>Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.</span><i class="ic-deprecated"></i></abbr></dt><dd>Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.</dd></dl></section></div><p></p>
<h2 id="相关链接">相关链接</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="Reference/Functions_and_function_scope" title="此页面仍未被本地化, 期待您的翻译!"><code>Functions and function scope</code></a></li>
<li><a href="Reference/Function" title="此页面仍未被本地化, 期待您的翻译!"><code>Function</code></a></li>
<li><a href="Reference/Statements/function" title="函数声明定义一个具有指定参数的函数。"><code>function statement</code></a></li>
<li><a href="Reference/Operators/function" title="function 关键字可以用来在一个表达式中定义一个函数。"><code>function expression</code></a></li>
<li><a href="Reference/Statements/function*" title="function* 这种声明方式(function关键字后跟一个星号会定义一个生成器函数 (generator function),它返回一个  Generator  对象。"><code>function* statement</code></a></li>
<li><a href="Reference/Operators/function*" title="function*关键字可以在表达式内部定义一个生成器函数。"><code>function* expression</code></a></li>
<li><a href="Reference/Global_Objects/GeneratorFunction" title="GeneratorFunction构造器生成新的生成器函数 对象。在JavaScript中生成器函数实际上都是GeneratorFunction的实例对象。"><code>GeneratorFunction</code></a></li>
</ul>
</article>