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<div class="c-markdown doc-markdown"><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><h2>名称</h2></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>git-shell - 仅限 Git-SSH 访问的受限登录 shell</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><h2>概要</h2></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><pre><code class="language-Bash">chsh -s $(command -v git-shell) <user>git clone <user>@localhost:/path/to/repo.git
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ssh <user>@localhost</code></pre></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><h2>描述</h2></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>这是 SSH 帐户的登录外壳，用于提供受限制的 Git 访问。它只允许执行实现拉/推功能的服务器端 Git 命令，以及<code>git-shell-commands</code>在用户主目录中命名的子目录中存在的自定义命令。</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><h2>命令</h2></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p><code>git shell</code>在<code>-c</code>选项后接受以下命令：</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p><em style="font-style: italic;">git receive-pack <argument></em> <em style="font-style: italic;">git upload-pack <argument></em> <em style="font-style: italic;">git upload-archive <argument></em></p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>调用相应的服务器端命令，以支持客户端的<code>git push</code>，<code>git fetch</code>或<code>git archive --remote</code>请求。</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p><em style="font-style: italic;">cvs server</em></p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>模仿 CVS 服务器。参见 git-cvsserver [1]。</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>如果存在<code>~/git-shell-commands</code>目录，则<code>git shell</code>还将通过在用户的主目录中运行“ <code>git-shell-commands/<command> <arguments></code>”来处理其他自定义命令。</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><h2>交互式使用</h2></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>默认情况下，上述命令只能使用该<code>-c</code>选项执行; 该 shell 不是交互式的。</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>如果<code>~/git-shell-commands</code>目录存在，<code>git shell</code>也可以交互式运行（不带参数）。如果目录中<code>help</code>存在命令<code>git-shell-commands</code>，则会向用户提供允许的操作概述。然后出现一个“git>”提示符，用户可以输入<code>git-shell-commands</code>目录中的任何命令或<code>exit</code>关闭连接。</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>通常，此模式用作管理界面，以允许用户列出他们有权访问的存储库，创建，删除或重命名存储库，或更改存储库描述和权限。</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>如果<code>no-interactive-login</code>命令存在，则运行它并交互式 shell 被中止。</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><h2>示例</h2></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>To disable interactive logins, displaying a greeting instead:</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><pre><code class="language-Bash">$ chsh -s /usr/bin/git-shell
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$ mkdir $HOME/git-shell-commands
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$ cat >$HOME/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login <<\EOF
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#!/bin/sh
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printf '%s\n' "Hi $USER! You've successfully authenticated, but I do not"printf '%s\n' "provide interactive shell access."exit 128EOF
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$ chmod +x $HOME/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login</code></pre></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><p>要启用 git-cvsserver 访问权限（通常应该有上述<code>no-interactive-login</code>示例作为先决条件，因为创建 git-shell-commands 目录允许交互式登录）：</p></div></div><div class="doc-postil"><div class="c-markdown"><pre><code class="language-Bash">$ cat >$HOME/git-shell-commands/cvs <<\EOFif ! test $# = 1 && test "$1" = "server"then
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echo >&2 "git-cvsserver only handles \"server\""
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exit 1fi
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exec git cvsserver server
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EOF
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$ chmod +x $HOME/git-shell-commands/cvs</code></pre></div></div></div> |