uTools-Manuals/docs/javascript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/fill.html

<article id="wikiArticle">
<div> </div>
<p><code><strong>fill()</strong></code> 方法用一个固定值填充一个数组中从起始索引到终止索引内的全部元素。不包括终止索引。</p>
<p><iframe class="interactive interactive-js" frameborder="0" height="250" src="https://interactive-examples.mdn.mozilla.net/pages/js/array-fill.html" width="100%"></iframe></p>
<h2 id="Syntax" name="Syntax">语法</h2>
<pre><var>arr</var>.fill(<var>value[</var>, <var>start[<var>, <var>end]]</var>)</var></var></code></pre>
<h3 id="Parameters" name="Parameters">参数</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>value</code></dt>
<dd>用来填充数组元素的值。</dd>
<dt><code>start</code> <span class="inlineIndicator optional optionalInline">可选</span></dt>
<dd>起始索引，默认值为0。</dd>
<dt><code>end</code> <span class="inlineIndicator optional optionalInline">可选</span></dt>
<dd>终止索引，默认值为 <code>this.length</code>。</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="返回值">返回值</h3>
<p>修改后的数组。</p>
<h2 id="Description" name="Description">描述</h2>
<p><strong><code>fill</code></strong> 方法接受三个参数 <code>value</code>, <code>start</code> 以及 <code>end</code>.<span> <code>start</code> 和 <code>end</code> 参数是可选的, 其默认值分别为 <code>0</code> 和 <code>this</code> 对象的 <code>length </code></span>属性值。</p>
<p><span>如果 <code>start</code> 是个负数, 则开始索引会被自动计算成为 <code>length+start</code></span>, 其中<span> <code>length</code> 是 </span><code>this</code><span> 对象的 </span><code>length </code>属性值。<span>如果 </span><code>end</code><span> 是个负数, 则结束索引会被自动计算成为 </span><code>length+end</code>。</p>
<p><span><code><strong>fill</strong></code> 方法故意被设计成通用方法, 该方法不要求 <code>this</code> 是数组对象。</span></p>
<p><code><strong style="line-height: 1.5;">fill</strong></code><span style="line-height: 1.5;"> 方法是个可变方法, 它会改变调用它的 <code>this</code> 对象本身, 然后返回它, 而并不是返回一个副本。</span></p>
<p>当一个对象被传递给 <strong><code>fill</code></strong>方法的时候, 填充数组的是这个对象的引用。</p>
<h2 id="示例">示例</h2>
<pre><code  class="language-javascript">[1, 2, 3].fill(4);               // [4, 4, 4]
[1, 2, 3].fill(4, 1);            // [1, 4, 4]
[1, 2, 3].fill(4, 1, 2);         // [1, 4, 3]
[1, 2, 3].fill(4, 1, 1);         // [1, 2, 3]
[1, 2, 3].fill(4, 3, 3);         // [1, 2, 3]
[1, 2, 3].fill(4, -3, -2);       // [4, 2, 3]
[1, 2, 3].fill(4, NaN, NaN);     // [1, 2, 3]
[1, 2, 3].fill(4, 3, 5);         // [1, 2, 3]
Array(3).fill(4);                // [4, 4, 4]
[].fill.call({ length: 3 }, 4);  // {0: 4, 1: 4, 2: 4, length: 3}

// Objects by reference.
var arr = Array(3).fill({}) // [{}, {}, {}];
arr[0].hi = "hi"; // [{ hi: "hi" }, { hi: "hi" }, { hi: "hi" }]</code></pre>
<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2>
<pre><code  class="language-javascript">if (!Array.prototype.fill) {
  Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'fill', {
    value: function(value) {

      // Steps 1-2.
      if (this == null) {
        throw new TypeError('this is null or not defined');
      }

      var O = Object(this);

      // Steps 3-5.
      var len = O.length &gt;&gt;&gt; 0;

      // Steps 6-7.
      var start = arguments[1];
      var relativeStart = start &gt;&gt; 0;

      // Step 8.
      var k = relativeStart &lt; 0 ?
        Math.max(len + relativeStart, 0) :
        Math.min(relativeStart, len);

      // Steps 9-10.
      var end = arguments[2];
      var relativeEnd = end === undefined ?
        len : end &gt;&gt; 0;

      // Step 11.
      var final = relativeEnd &lt; 0 ?
        Math.max(len + relativeEnd, 0) :
        Math.min(relativeEnd, len);

      // Step 12.
      while (k &lt; final) {
        O[k] = value;
        k++;
      }

      // Step 13.
      return O;
    }
  });
}
</code></pre>
<p>如果你确实需要维护已过时的不支持 <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/defineProperty">Object.defineProperty</a></code> 的 JavaScript 引擎，那么最好完全不向 <code>Array.prototype</code> 添加方法，因为你不能使它不可枚举。</p>
<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="col">规范</th>
<th scope="col">状态</th>
<th scope="col">注释</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a class="external" href="https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-array.prototype.fill" hreflang="en" lang="en" rel="noopener">ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition, ECMA-262)<br/><small lang="zh-CN">Array.prototype.fill</small></a></td>
<td><span class="spec-Standard">Standard</span></td>
<td>最初定义。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a class="external" href="https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.fill" hreflang="en" lang="en" rel="noopener">ECMAScript Latest Draft (ECMA-262)<br/><small lang="zh-CN">Array.prototype.fill</small></a></td>
<td><span class="spec-Draft">Draft</span></td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</h2>
<div><div class="bc-data"><a class="bc-github-link external" href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data" rel="noopener">Update compatibility data on GitHub</a><table class="bc-table bc-table-js"><thead><tr class="bc-platforms"><td></td><th class="bc-platform-desktop" colspan="6"><span>Desktop</span></th><th class="bc-platform-mobile" colspan="7"><span>Mobile</span></th><th class="bc-platform-server" colspan="1"><span>Server</span></th></tr><tr class="bc-browsers"><td></td><th class="bc-browser-chrome"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-chrome">Chrome</span></th><th class="bc-browser-edge"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-edge">Edge</span></th><th class="bc-browser-firefox"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-firefox">Firefox</span></th><th class="bc-browser-ie"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-ie">Internet Explorer</span></th><th class="bc-browser-opera"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-opera">Opera</span></th><th class="bc-browser-safari"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-safari">Safari</span></th><th class="bc-browser-webview_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-webview_android">Android webview</span></th><th class="bc-browser-chrome_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-chrome_android">Chrome for Android</span></th><th class="bc-browser-edge_mobile"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-edge_mobile">Edge Mobile</span></th><th class="bc-browser-firefox_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-firefox_android">Firefox for Android</span></th><th class="bc-browser-opera_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-opera_android">Opera for Android</span></th><th class="bc-browser-safari_ios"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-safari_ios">Safari on iOS</span></th><th class="bc-browser-samsunginternet_android"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-samsunginternet_android">Samsung Internet</span></th><th class="bc-browser-nodejs"><span class="bc-head-txt-label bc-head-icon-nodejs">Node.js</span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th scope="row"><code>fill</code></th><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-chrome"><span class="bc-browser-name">Chrome</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              45</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-edge"><span class="bc-browser-name">Edge</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              12</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-firefox"><span class="bc-browser-name">Firefox</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              31</td><td class="bc-supports-no bc-browser-ie"><span class="bc-browser-name">IE</span><abbr class="bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
</abbr>
              No</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-opera"><span class="bc-browser-name">Opera</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              Yes</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-safari"><span class="bc-browser-name">Safari</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              8</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-webview_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">WebView Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              Yes</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-chrome_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">Chrome Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              Yes</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-edge_mobile"><span class="bc-browser-name">Edge Mobile</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              Yes</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-firefox_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">Firefox Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              31</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-opera_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">Opera Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              Yes</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-safari_ios"><span class="bc-browser-name">Safari iOS</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              8</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-samsunginternet_android"><span class="bc-browser-name">Samsung Internet Android</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              Yes</td><td class="bc-supports-yes bc-browser-nodejs bc-has-history"><span class="bc-browser-name">nodejs</span><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              4.0.0<div class="bc-icons"></div><section class="bc-history" id="sect1"><dl><dt class="bc-supports-yes bc-supports"><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              4.0.0<div class="bc-icons"></div></dt><dd></dd><dt class="bc-supports-yes bc-supports"><abbr class="bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
</abbr>
              0.12<div class="bc-icons"><abbr class="only-icon" title="User must explicitly enable this feature."><span>Disabled</span><i class="ic-disabled"></i></abbr> </div></dt><dd><abbr class="only-icon" title="User must explicitly enable this feature."><span>Disabled</span><i class="ic-disabled"></i></abbr> From version 0.12: this feature is behind the <code>--harmony</code> runtime flag.</dd></dl></section></td></tr></tbody></table><section class="bc-legend" id="sect2"><h3 class="offscreen" id="Legend">Legend</h3><dl><dt><span class="bc-supports-yes bc-supports">
<abbr class="bc-level bc-level-yes only-icon" title="Full support">
<span>Full support</span>
                  
                </abbr></span></dt><dd>Full support</dd><dt><span class="bc-supports-no bc-supports">
<abbr class="bc-level bc-level-no only-icon" title="No support">
<span>No support</span>
                  
                </abbr></span></dt><dd>No support</dd><dt><abbr class="only-icon" title="User must explicitly enable this feature."><span>User must explicitly enable this feature.</span><i class="ic-disabled"></i></abbr></dt><dd>User must explicitly enable this feature.</dd></dl></section></div></div>
<div id="compat-mobile">
<p> </p>
</div>
<h2 id="See_also" name="See_also">相关</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="Reference/Array" title="REDIRECT Array"><code>Array</code></a></li>
<li><a href="Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray/fill" title="fill() 方法将类型化数组中的从起始索引到终止索引内的全部元素。这个方法的算法和 Array.prototype.fill() 相同。 TypedArray 是这里的类型化数组类型之一。"><code>TypedArray.prototype.fill()</code></a></li>
</ul>
</article>