uTools-Manuals/docs/jQuery/focus.html

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<h1 class="entry-title">.focus()</h1>
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						所属分类：<span class="category"><a href="/category/events/">事件</a> &gt; <a href="/category/events/form-events/">表单事件</a></span><span class="category-divider"> | </span><span class="category"><a href="/category/forms/">表单</a></span>
<span class="pull-right">英文文档：<a href="https://api.jquery123.com/focus/" target="_blank">.focus()</a></span>
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<span class="name">.focus( handler(eventObject) )</span><span class="returns">返回: <a href="/Types/#jQuery">jQuery</a></span>
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<p class="desc"><strong>描述: </strong>为 JavaScript 的 "focus" 事件绑定一个处理函数，或者触发元素上的 "focus" 事件。</p>
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<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.0/">1.0</a></span>.focus( handler(eventObject) )</h4>
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<div><strong>handler(eventObject)</strong></div>
<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Function">Function</a>()</div>
<div>每次事件触发时会执行的函数。</div>
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<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.4.3/">1.4.3</a></span>.focus(  [eventData ], handler(eventObject) )</h4>
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<div><strong>eventData</strong></div>
<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Object">Object</a>
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<div>一个对象，它包含的数据键值对映射将被传递给事件处理程序。</div>
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<div><strong>handler(eventObject)</strong></div>
<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Function">Function</a>()</div>
<div>每次事件触发时会执行的函数。</div>
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<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.0/">1.0</a></span>.focus()</h4>
<ul><li><div class="null-signature">这个方法不接受任何参数。</div></li></ul>
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<p>这个函数的前两个用法是 <code>.bind('focus', handler)</code> 的快捷方式，第3个不带参数的用法是 <code>.trigger('focus')</code> 的快捷方式。</p>
<p>当一个元素获得焦点时，<code>focus</code>事件被触发。此事件起初适用于有限的元素，比如表单元素（<code>&lt;input&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;select&gt;</code>等）和链接元素（<code>&lt;a href&gt;</code>）。在最近版本的浏览器中，该事件可以扩展到所有包括通过显式设置<code>tabindex</code>属性的元素类型。一个元素可以通过键盘命令获得焦点，如Tab键，或按鼠标点击的元素。</p>
<p>获取焦点的元素，浏览器一般会以某种高亮方式来显示，比如，点线围绕的元素。该事件通常用于判断哪个元素是最先接收键盘相关事件的元素。</p>
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<p>试图将焦点设置到一个隐藏的元素在Internet Explorer中导致错误。请注意，<code>.focus()</code>只能在可见元素上使用。要在一个元素执行focus事件却又不想让这个元素获取焦点的话，
			请使用<code>.triggerHandler("focus")</code> 来代替 <code>.focus()</code>。</p>
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<p>举例来说，请看下面的HTML：</p>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">form</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">input</span> <span class="attribute">id</span>=<span class="value">"target"</span> <span class="attribute">type</span>=<span class="value">"text"</span> <span class="attribute">value</span>=<span class="value">"Field 1"</span> /&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">input</span> <span class="attribute">type</span>=<span class="value">"text"</span> <span class="attribute">value</span>=<span class="value">"Field 2"</span> /&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">form</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">id</span>=<span class="value">"other"</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  Trigger the handler</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">div</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div></pre>
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<p>这个事件处理函数可以绑定到第一个 input field</p>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">'#target'</span>).focus(<span class="keyword">function</span>() {</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  alert(<span class="string">'Handler for .focus() called.'</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>});</code></div></div></pre>
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<p>现在，如果点击第一个表单域或按tab键从其他地方切换到这个表单域，警报显示：</p>
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<span class="output">Handler for .focus() called.</span>
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<p>我们可以点击另一个元素触发这个事件：</p>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">'#other'</span>).click(<span class="keyword">function</span>() {</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  $(<span class="string">'#target'</span>).focus();</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>});</code></div></div></pre>
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<p>
			    这些代码执行后，点击<span class="output">Trigger the handler</span>也提醒消息。
			
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<p><code>focus</code>事件不会在Internet Explorer中冒泡。因此，用<code>focus</code>事件委派，跨浏览器无法正常工作。但是，在1.4.2版本，
			jQuery的解决此限制，将<code>focus</code>模拟为<code>focusin</code> 事件，可以使用<a href="/live"><code>.live()</code></a> 和 <a href="/delegate"><code>.delegate()</code></a>的委派方法，解决了跨浏览器的问题.</p>
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<section class="entry-examples" id="entry-examples"><header><h2 class="underline">例子:</h2></header><div class="entry-example" id="example-0">
<h4>Example: <span class="desc">触发 focus 事件。</span>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">html</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">head</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">style</span>&gt;</span><span class="css"><span class="tag">span</span> <span class="rules">{<span class="rule"><span class="attribute">display</span>:<span class="value">none;</span></span><span class="rule">}</span></span></span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">style</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>&gt;</span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">head</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">body</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">input</span> <span class="attribute">type</span>=<span class="value">"text"</span> /&gt;</span> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>focus fire<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">input</span> <span class="attribute">type</span>=<span class="value">"password"</span> /&gt;</span> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>focus fire<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span><span class="javascript"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">"input"</span>).focus(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="params">()</span> {</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  $(<span class="keyword">this</span>).next(<span class="string">"span"</span>).css(<span class="string">'display'</span>,<span class="string">'inline'</span>).fadeOut(<span class="number">1000</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>});</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">body</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">html</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div></pre>
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<h4>Demo:</h4>
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<h4>Example: <span class="desc">阻止用户在文本框中写任何内容：</span>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">"input[type=text]"</span>).focus(<span class="keyword">function</span>(){</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  $(<span class="keyword">this</span>).blur();</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>});</code></div></div></pre>
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<h4>Example: <span class="desc">在页面显示时，将焦点移到 id 为 'login' 的 input 元素上：</span>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(document).ready(<span class="keyword">function</span>(){</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>  $(<span class="string">"#login"</span>).focus();</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>});</code></div></div></pre>
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