uTools-Manuals/docs/python/operator.html

<div class="body" role="main"><div class="section" id="module-operator"><h1><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-10">10.3. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-operator" title="operator: Functions corresponding to the standard operators."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator</span></code></a>  - 标准运算符作为函数</span></h1><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-11"><strong>源代码：</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/3.5/Lib/operator.py">Lib / operator.py</a></span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-12"><a class="reference internal" href="#module-operator" title="operator: Functions corresponding to the standard operators."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator</span></code></a>模块导出一组对应于Python内在运算符的高效函数。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-13">例如，<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator.add（x，</span> <span class="pre">y）</span></code>等效于表达式<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x+y</span></code>。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-14">函数名是用于特殊类方法的那些；为方便起见，还提供了没有前导和尾随<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__</span></code>的变体。</span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-15">这些函数分为执行对象比较，逻辑运算，数学运算和序列运算的类别。</span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-16">对象比较函数对所有对象都很有用，并且以它们支持的丰富比较运算符命名：</span></p><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.lt"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-17"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">lt</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.le"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-18"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">le</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.eq"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-19"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">eq</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.ne"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-20"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">ne</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.ge"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-21"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">ge</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.gt"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-22"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">gt</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__lt__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-23"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__lt__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__le__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-24"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__le__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__eq__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-25"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__eq__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__ne__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-26"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__ne__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__ge__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-27"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__ge__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__gt__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-28"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__gt__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-29">在<em>a</em>和<em>b</em>之间执行“丰富比较”。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-30">Specifically, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lt(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&lt;</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">le(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&lt;=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">eq(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ne(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">!=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">gt(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&gt;</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ge(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&gt;=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>. </span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-31">注意，这些函数可以返回任何值，这些值可以或可以不被解释为布尔值。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-32">有关丰富比较的详细信息，请参见<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/expressions.html#comparisons"><span>Comparisons</span></a>。</span></p></dd></dl><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-33">逻辑操作也通常适用于所有对象，并支持真值测试，身份测试和布尔运算：</span></p><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.not_"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-34"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">not_</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__not__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-35"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__not__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-36">返回<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/expressions.html#not"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal"><span class="pre">not</span></code></a> <em>obj</em>。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-37">（请注意，对象实例没有<a class="reference internal" href="#operator.__not__" title="operator.__not__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">__not__()</span></code></a>方法；只有解释器核定义了此操作。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-38">结果受到<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__bool__" title="object.__bool__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">__bool__()</span></code></a>和<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__len__" title="object.__len__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">__len__()</span></code></a>方法的影响。）</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.truth"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-39"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">truth</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-40">如果<em>obj</em>为真，则返回<a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#True" title="True"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a>，否则返回<a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#False" title="False"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">False</span></code></a>。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-41">这相当于使用<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#bool" title="bool"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">bool</span></code></a>构造函数。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.is_"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-42"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">is_</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-43">返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">是</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-44">测试对象标识。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.is_not"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-45"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">is_not</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-46">返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">是</span> <span class="pre">不是</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-47">测试对象标识。</span></p></dd></dl><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-48">数学和按位操作是最多的：</span></p><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.abs"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-49"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">abs</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__abs__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-50"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__abs__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-51">返回<em>obj</em>的绝对值。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.add"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-52"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">add</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__add__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-53"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__add__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-54">返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>，对于<em>a</em>和<em>b  t5 &gt;数字。</em></span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.and_"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-55"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">and_</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__and__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-56"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__and__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-57">返回按位和<em>a</em>和<em>b</em>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.floordiv"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-58"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">floordiv</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__floordiv__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-59"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__floordiv__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-60">返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">//</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.index"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-61"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">index</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__index__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-62"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__index__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-63">返回<em>a</em>转换为整数。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-64">等同于<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a.__index__()</span></code>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.inv"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-65"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">inv</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.invert"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-66"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">invert</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__inv__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-67"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__inv__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__invert__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-68"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__invert__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-69">返回数字<em>obj</em>的按位逆。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-70">这相当于<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">~obj</span></code>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.lshift"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-71"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">lshift</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__lshift__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-72"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__lshift__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-73">返回<em>a</em>向左移动<em>b</em>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.mod"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-74"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">mod</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__mod__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-75"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__mod__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-76">返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">％</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.mul"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-77"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">mul</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__mul__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-78"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__mul__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-79">返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">*</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>，对于<em>a</em>和<em>b  t5 &gt;数字。</em></span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.matmul"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-80"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">matmul</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__matmul__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-81"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__matmul__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-82">返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">@</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>。</span></p><div class="versionadded"><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-83"><span class="versionmodified">版本3.5中的新功能。</span></span></p></div></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.neg"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-84"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">neg</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__neg__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-85"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__neg__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-86">返回<em>obj</em>否定（<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-obj</span></code>）。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.or_"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-87"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">or_</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__or__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-88"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__or__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-89">返回按位或<em>a</em>和<em>b</em>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.pos"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-90"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">pos</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__pos__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-91"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__pos__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-92">返回<em>obj</em>正（<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">+obj</span></code>）。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.pow"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-93"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">pow</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__pow__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-94"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__pow__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-95">对于<em>a</em>和<em>b，返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">**</span> <span class="pre">b</span> t5&gt;数字。</code></em></span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.rshift"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-96"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">rshift</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__rshift__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-97"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__rshift__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-98">返回<em>a</em>向右移动<em>b</em>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.sub"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-99"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">sub</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__sub__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-100"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__sub__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-101">返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre"> - </span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.truediv"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-102"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">truediv</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__truediv__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-103"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__truediv__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-104">返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">/</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>其中2/3为.66而不是0。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-105">这也被称为“真正的”分裂。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.xor"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-106"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">xor</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__xor__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-107"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__xor__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-108">返回<em>a</em>和<em>b</em>的逐位异或。</span></p></dd></dl><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-109">使用序列（其中一些与映射）的操作包括：</span></p><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.concat"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-110"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">concat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__concat__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-111"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__concat__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-112">对于<em>a</em>和<em>b</em>返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">b</span>序列。</code></span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.contains"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-113"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">contains</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__contains__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-114"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__contains__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-115">返回 t&gt; <span class="pre">a</span>中的测试结果<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span> <span class="pre">。</span></code></span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-116">注意反向操作数。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.countOf"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-117"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">countOf</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-118">返回<em>a</em>中<em>b</em>的出现次数。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.delitem"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-119"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">delitem</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__delitem__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-120"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__delitem__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-121">删除索引<em>b</em>处<em>a</em>的值。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.getitem"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-122"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">getitem</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__getitem__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-123"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__getitem__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-124">返回<em>a</em>在索引<em>b</em>的值。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.indexOf"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-125"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">indexOf</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-126">返回<em>a</em>中<em>b</em>的第一个出现的索引。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.setitem"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-127"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">setitem</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em>, <em>c</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__setitem__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-128"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__setitem__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em>, <em>c</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-129">将索引<em>b</em>处的<em>a</em>值设置为<em>c</em>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.length_hint"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-130"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">length_hint</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>obj</em>, <em>default=0</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-131">返回对象<em>o</em>的估计长度。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-132">首先尝试返回其实际长度，然后使用<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__length_hint__" title="object.__length_hint__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">object.__length_hint__()</span></code></a>进行估计，最后返回默认值。</span></p><div class="versionadded"><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-133"><span class="versionmodified">版本3.4中的新功能。</span></span></p></div></dd></dl><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-134"><a class="reference internal" href="#module-operator" title="operator: Functions corresponding to the standard operators."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator</span></code></a>模块还定义了用于广义属性和项查找的工具。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-135">这些对于使快速字段提取器作为<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#map" title="map"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">map()</span></code></a>，<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#sorted" title="sorted"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">sorted()</span></code></a>，<a class="reference internal" href="itertools.html#itertools.groupby" title="itertools.groupby"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">itertools.groupby()</span></code></a>或其他函数期望一个函数参数。</span></p><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.attrgetter"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-136"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">attrgetter</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>attr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-137"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">attrgetter</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>*attrs</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-138">返回从其操作数获取<em>attr</em>的可调用对象。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-139">如果请求多个属性，则返回一个属性元组。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-140">属性名称也可以包含点。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-141">例如：</span></p><ul class="simple"><li><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-142">After <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">attrgetter('name')</span></code>, the call <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f(b)</span></code> returns <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b.name</span></code>.</span></li><li><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-143">在<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">attrgetter（'name'，</span> <span class="pre">'date'）</span></code>调用<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f(b)</span></code>返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">（b.name，</span> <span class="pre">b.date）</span></code>。</span></li><li><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-144">After <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">attrgetter('name.first',</span> <span class="pre">'name.last')</span></code>, the call <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f(b)</span></code> returns <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(b.name.first,</span> <span class="pre">b.name.last)</span></code>.</span></li></ul><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-145">相当于：</span></p><pre><code class="language-python"><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">attrgetter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">any</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">item</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">items</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">TypeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'attribute name must be a string'</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="n">attr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
        <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">g</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">resolve_attr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attr</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">g</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">tuple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">resolve_attr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attr</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">attr</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">g</span>

<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">resolve_attr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attr</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">name</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">attr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"."</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">obj</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">getattr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">obj</span>
</code></pre></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.itemgetter"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-146"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">itemgetter</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>item</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-147"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">itemgetter</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>*items</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-148">返回使用操作数的<a class="reference internal" href="#operator.__getitem__" title="operator.__getitem__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getitem__()</span></code></a>方法从其操作数获取<em>项</em>的可调用对象。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-149">如果指定了多个项，则返回查找值的元组。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-150">例如：</span></p><ul class="simple"><li><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-151">在<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">itemgetter（2）</span></code>之后，调用<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f(r)</span></code>返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">r[2]</span></code>。</span></li><li><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-152"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">g</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">itemgetter（2，</span> <span class="pre">5，</span> <span class="pre">3）</span> / t0&gt;，则调用<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">g(r)</span></code>返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">（r [2]，</span> <span class="pre">r [5]，</span> <span class="pre">r [3]）</span></code>。</code></span></li></ul><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-153">相当于：</span></p><pre><code class="language-python"><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">itemgetter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="n">item</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">items</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
        <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">g</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">]</span>
    <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">g</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">tuple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">item</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">items</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">g</span>
</code></pre><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-154">这些项可以是操作数的<a class="reference internal" href="#operator.__getitem__" title="operator.__getitem__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getitem__()</span></code></a>方法接受的任何类型。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-155">字典接受任何哈希值。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-156">列表，元组和字符串接受索引或切片：</span></p><pre><code class="language-python"><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">itemgetter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="s1">'ABCDEFG'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">'B'</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">itemgetter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="s1">'ABCDEFG'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">('B', 'D', 'F')</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">itemgetter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">slice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">))(</span><span class="s1">'ABCDEFG'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">'CDEFG'</span>
</code></pre><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-157">使用<a class="reference internal" href="#operator.itemgetter" title="operator.itemgetter"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">itemgetter()</span></code></a>从元组记录中检索特定字段的示例：</span></p><pre><code class="language-python"><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">inventory</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[(</span><span class="s1">'apple'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'banana'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'pear'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'orange'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">getcount</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">itemgetter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">getcount</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="go">[3, 2, 5, 1]</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inventory</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">getcount</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">[('orange', 1), ('banana', 2), ('apple', 3), ('pear', 5)]</span>
</code></pre></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.methodcaller"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-158"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">methodcaller</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>name</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>args...</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-159">返回在其操作数上调用方法<em>name</em>的可调用对象。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-160">如果给出了额外的参数和/或关键字参数，它们也将被给予方法。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-161">例如：</span></p><ul class="simple"><li><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-162">After <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">methodcaller('name')</span></code>, the call <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f(b)</span></code> returns <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b.name()</span></code>.</span></li><li><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-163"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">methodcaller（'name'，</span> <span class="pre">'foo'，</span> <span class="pre">bar = 1 ）</span></code>，则调用<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">f(b)</span></code>返回<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">（b.name，b.foo，</span> <span class="pre">bar = 1）;</span></code>。</span></li></ul><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-164">相当于：</span></p><pre><code class="language-python"><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">methodcaller</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">caller</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">getattr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">caller</span>
</code></pre></dd></dl><div class="section" id="mapping-operators-to-functions"><h2><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-165">10.3.1.</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-166">将运算符映射到函数</span></h2><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-167">此表显示抽象操作如何对应于Python语法中的操作符号以及<a class="reference internal" href="#module-operator" title="operator: Functions corresponding to the standard operators."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator</span></code></a>模块中的函数。</span></p><table border="1" class="docutils"><thead valign="bottom"><tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-168">操作</span></th><th class="head"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-169">句法</span></th><th class="head"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-170">功能</span></th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-171">加</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-172"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-173"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-174">串联</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-175"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seq1</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">seq2</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-176"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">concat（seq1，</span> <span class="pre">seq2）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-177">成员测试</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-178"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">obj</span> <span class="pre">in</span> <span class="pre">seq</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-179"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">包含（seq，</span> <span class="pre">obj）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-180">除</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-181"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">/</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-182"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">truediv（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-183">整除</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-184"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">//</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-185"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">floordiv（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-186">按位与</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-187"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">＆amp；</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-188"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">and_（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-189">按位异或</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-190"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">^</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-191"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">xor（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-192">按位取反</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-193"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">〜</span> <span class="pre">a</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-194"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">invert(a)</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-195">按位或</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-196"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">|</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-197"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">or_（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-198">取幂</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-199"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">**</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-200"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pow（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-201">身份运算</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-202"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">是</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-203"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-204">身份运算</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-205"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">是</span> <span class="pre">不是</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-206"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_not（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-207">索引分配</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-208"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">obj [k]</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">v</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-209"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">setitem（obj，</span> <span class="pre">k，</span> <span class="pre">v）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-210">索引删除</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-211"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">del</span> <span class="pre">obj [k]</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-212"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">delitem（obj，</span> <span class="pre">k）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-213">索引取值</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-214"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">obj[k]</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-215"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">getitem（obj，</span> <span class="pre">k）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-216">左移</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-217"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre"> <span class="pre">b</span></span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-218"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lshift（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-219">取模</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-220"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">％</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-221"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mod（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-222">乘</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-223"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">*</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-224"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mul（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-225">矩阵乘法</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-226"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">@</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-227"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">matmul（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-228">取负</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-229"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"> - </span> <span class="pre">a</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-230"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">neg(a)</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-231">逻辑非</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-232"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">不是</span> <span class="pre">a</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-233"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">not_(a)</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-234">取正</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-235"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">a</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-236"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pos(a)</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-237">右移</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-238"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&gt;＆gt；</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-239"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rshift（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-240">切片赋值</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-241"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seq [i：j]</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">值</span> </code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-242"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">setitem（seq，</span> <span class="pre">slice（i，</span> <span class="pre">j），</span> <span class="pre">values）</span> </code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-243">删除切片</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-244"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">del</span> <span class="pre">seq [i：j]</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-245"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">delitem（seq，</span> <span class="pre">slice（i，</span> <span class="pre">j））</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-246">切片</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-247"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seq[i:j]</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-248"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">getitem（seq，</span> <span class="pre">slice（i，</span> <span class="pre">j））</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-249">取模（同%）</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-250"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">s</span> <span class="pre">％</span> <span class="pre">obj</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-251"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mod（s，</span> <span class="pre">obj）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-252">减</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-253"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre"> - </span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-254"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sub（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-255">真相测试</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-256"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">obj</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-257"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">truth(obj)</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-258">小于</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-259"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre"> <span class="pre">b</span></span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-260"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lt（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-261">小于等于</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-262"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre"> <span class="pre">b</span></span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-263"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">le（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-264">等于</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-265"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-266"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">eq（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-267">不等于</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-268"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">！=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-269"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ne（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-270">大于等于</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-271"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&gt; =</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-272"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ge（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-273">大于</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-274"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&gt;</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code></span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-275"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">gt（a，</span> <span class="pre">b）</span></code></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="section" id="inplace-operators"><h2><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-276">10.3.2。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-277">Inplace运算符</span></h2><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-278">许多操作都有“in-place”版本。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-279">下面列出的是比通常的语法提供对原位操作符更原始的访问的函数；例如<a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-statement"><span class="xref std std-term">statement</span></a> <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">+ =</span> <span class="pre">y</span></code>等效于<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">operator.iadd（x，</span> <span class="pre">y）</span></code>。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-280">Another way to put it is to say that <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">z</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">operator.iadd(x,</span> <span class="pre">y)</span></code> is equivalent to the compound statement <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">z</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">x;</span> <span class="pre">z</span> <span class="pre">+=</span> <span class="pre">y</span></code>.</span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-281">在这些示例中，请注意，当调用就地方法时，计算和分配在两个单独的步骤中执行。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-282">下面列出的就地函数仅执行第一步，调用就地方法。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-283">第二步，赋值，不处理。</span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-284">对于不可变目标（如字符串，数字和元组），计算更新的值，但不会分配回输入变量：</span></p><pre><code class="language-python"><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'hello'</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">iadd</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">' world'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">'hello world'</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">a</span>
<span class="go">'hello'</span>
</code></pre><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-285">对于可变目标（如列表和字典），inplace方法将执行更新，因此不需要后续分配：</span></p><pre><code class="language-python"><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'h'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'e'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'l'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'l'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'o'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">iadd</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">' '</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'w'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'o'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'r'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'l'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'d'</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="go">['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ', 'w', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd']</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">s</span>
<span class="go">['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ', 'w', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd']</span>
</code></pre><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.iadd"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-286"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">iadd</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__iadd__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-287"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__iadd__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-288"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">iadd(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">+=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.iand"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-289"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">iand</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__iand__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-290"><code class="descclassname">操作符。</code> <code class="descname">__ iand __</code> <span class="sig-paren">（</span> <em>a</em>，<em>b</em> <span class="sig-paren">） t5 &gt; </span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-291"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">iand(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&amp;=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.iconcat"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-292"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">iconcat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__iconcat__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-293"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__iconcat__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-294"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">iconcat(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">+=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code> for <em>a</em> and <em>b</em> sequences.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.ifloordiv"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-295"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">ifloordiv</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__ifloordiv__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-296"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__ifloordiv__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-297"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">ifloordiv(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">//=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.ilshift"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-298"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">ilshift</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__ilshift__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-299"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__ilshift__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-300"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">ilshift(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&lt;&lt;=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.imod"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-301"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">imod</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__imod__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-302"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__imod__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-303"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">imod(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">%=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.imul"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-304"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">imul</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__imul__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-305"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__imul__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-306"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">imul(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">*=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.imatmul"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-307"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">imatmul</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__imatmul__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-308"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__imatmul__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-309"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">imatmul(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">@=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p><div class="versionadded"><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-310"><span class="versionmodified">版本3.5中的新功能。</span></span></p></div></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.ior"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-311"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">ior</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__ior__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-312"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__ior__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-313"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">ior(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">|=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.ipow"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-314"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">ipow</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__ipow__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-315"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__ipow__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-316"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">ipow(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">**=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.irshift"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-317"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">irshift</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__irshift__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-318"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__irshift__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-319"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">irshift(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">&gt;&gt;=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.isub"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-320"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">isub</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__isub__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-321"> <code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__isub__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-322"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">isub(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">-=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.itruediv"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-323"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">itruediv</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__itruediv__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-324"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__itruediv__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-325"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">itruediv(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">/=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="operator.ixor"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-326"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">ixor</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dt id="operator.__ixor__"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-327"><code class="descclassname">operator.</code><code class="descname">__ixor__</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>a</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-328"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">ixor(a,</span> <span class="pre">b)</span></code> is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">^=</span> <span class="pre">b</span></code>.</span></p></dd></dl></div></div></div>