uTools-Manuals/docs/java/javax/management/package-summary.html

<div class="header">
<h1 class="title" title="Package">Package javax.management</h1>
<div class="docSummary">
<div class="block">
      提供Java管理扩展的核心类。 
    </div>
</div>
<p>See: <a href="#package.description">描述</a></p>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" class="typeSummary" summary="Interface Summary table, listing interfaces, and an explanation">
<caption>
<span>接口摘要</span>
<span class="tabEnd"> </span>
</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="colFirst" scope="col">接口</th>
<th class="colLast" scope="col">描述</th>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/Descriptor.html" title="interface in javax.management">Descriptor</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           JMX元素的附加元数据。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/DescriptorAccess.html" title="interface in javax.management">DescriptorAccess</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           该接口用于访问与JMX组件关联的描述符类的描述符，即 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/DescriptorRead.html" title="interface in javax.management">DescriptorRead</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           用于读取管理界面元素（如MBeanInfo）的描述符的接口。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/DynamicMBean.html" title="interface in javax.management">DynamicMBean</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           定义应该由动态MBean（显示动态管理界面的MBean）实现的方法。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanRegistration.html" title="interface in javax.management">MBeanRegistration</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           可以由MBean实现，以便在从MBean服务器注册或注销之前和之后执行操作。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html" title="interface in javax.management">MBeanServer</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           这是代理方面的MBean操作界面。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerConnection.html" title="interface in javax.management">MBeanServerConnection</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           此接口表示与MBean服务器通信的方式，无论是本地还是远程。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerDelegateMBean.html" title="interface in javax.management">MBeanServerDelegateMBean</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           定义MBeanServerDelegate类的对象的管理界面。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/NotificationBroadcaster.html" title="interface in javax.management">NotificationBroadcaster</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           由发出通知的MBean实现的接口。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/NotificationEmitter.html" title="interface in javax.management">NotificationEmitter</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           由发出通知的MBean实现的接口。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/NotificationFilter.html" title="interface in javax.management">NotificationFilter</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           由任何作为通知过滤器的类来实现。 
         </div> </td>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/NotificationListener.html" title="interface in javax.management">NotificationListener</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           应该由想要接收通知的对象来实现。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/PersistentMBean.html" title="interface in javax.management">PersistentMBean</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           这个类是由MBeans实现的，旨在持久化的接口。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/QueryExp.html" title="interface in javax.management">QueryExp</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示与数据库查询“where子句”类似的关系约束。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/ValueExp.html" title="interface in javax.management">ValueExp</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示可以作为参数传递给关系表达式的值。 
         </div> </td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" class="typeSummary" summary="Class Summary table, listing classes, and an explanation">
<caption>
<span>类摘要</span>
<span class="tabEnd"> </span>
</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="colFirst" scope="col">类</th>
<th class="colLast" scope="col">描述</th>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/Attribute.html" title="class in javax.management">Attribute</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           通过将其名称与其值相关联来表示MBean属性。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/AttributeChangeNotification.html" title="class in javax.management">AttributeChangeNotification</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           提供MBean发送的属性更改通知的定义。 
         </div> </td>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/AttributeChangeNotificationFilter.html" title="class in javax.management">AttributeChangeNotificationFilter</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
<span>该类实现了<a href="../../javax/management/NotificationFilter.html" title="javax.management中的接口">88487332228232的</a> <code>NotificationFilter</code> <a href="../../javax/management/AttributeChangeNotification.html" title="javax.management中的类">接口</a> 。</span>
</div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/AttributeList.html" title="class in javax.management">AttributeList</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示MBean属性值的列表。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/AttributeValueExp.html" title="class in javax.management">AttributeValueExp</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示用作关系约束的参数的属性。 
         </div> </td>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/DefaultLoaderRepository.html" title="class in javax.management">DefaultLoaderRepository</a></td>
<td class="colLast">Deprecated 
         <div class="block">
<span class="deprecationComment">改用<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html#getClassLoaderRepository--"><code>MBeanServer.getClassLoaderRepository()</code></a> 。</span>
</div> </td>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/ImmutableDescriptor.html" title="class in javax.management">ImmutableDescriptor</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           一个不可变的描述符。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/JMX.html" title="class in javax.management">JMX</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           来自JMX API的静态方法。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanAttributeInfo.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanAttributeInfo</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           描述为管理而公开的MBean属性。 
         </div> </td>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanConstructorInfo.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanConstructorInfo</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           描述由MBean公开的构造函数。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanFeatureInfo.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanFeatureInfo</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           提供一个MBean描述符对象的一般信息。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanInfo.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanInfo</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
<span>描述MBean暴露的管理界面;</span>
<span>即可用于管理操作的一组属性和操作。</span>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanNotificationInfo.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanNotificationInfo</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
<code>MBeanNotificationInfo</code>类用于描述针对给定Java类通知的MBean发布的不同通知实例的特性。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanOperationInfo.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanOperationInfo</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           描述MBean公开的管理操作。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanParameterInfo.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanParameterInfo</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           描述MBean暴露的操作的参数。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanPermission.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanPermission</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           控制访问MBeanServer操作的权限。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerBuilder.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanServerBuilder</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
<span>此类表示创建默认的<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>MBeanServer</code></a>实现的构建器。</span>
</div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerDelegate.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanServerDelegate</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           从管理的角度来看MBean服务器。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerFactory.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanServerFactory</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           提供MBean服务器引用。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerInvocationHandler.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanServerInvocationHandler</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
<span><a href="../../java/lang/reflect/InvocationHandler.html" title="java.lang.reflect中的接口"><code>InvocationHandler</code></a>将MBean管理界面中的方法通过MBean服务器转发到MBean。</span>
</div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerNotification.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanServerNotification</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示MBean服务器通过MBeanServerDelegate MBean发出的通知。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerPermission.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanServerPermission</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           A执行与MBeanServers有关的操作的权限。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanTrustPermission.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanTrustPermission</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           此权限在签名者或代码库中表示“信任”。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/Notification.html" title="class in javax.management">Notification</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           Notification类表示由MBean发出的通知。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/NotificationBroadcasterSupport.html" title="class in javax.management">NotificationBroadcasterSupport</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
<span>提供<code>NotificationEmitter</code> <a href="../../javax/management/NotificationEmitter.html" title="javax.management中的接口">接口的</a>实现。</span>
</div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/NotificationFilterSupport.html" title="class in javax.management">NotificationFilterSupport</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
<span>提供<code>NotificationFilter</code> <a href="../../javax/management/NotificationFilter.html" title="javax.management中的接口">接口的</a>实现。</span>
</div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/ObjectInstance.html" title="class in javax.management">ObjectInstance</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           用于表示MBean的对象名称及其类名。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/ObjectName.html" title="class in javax.management">ObjectName</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示MBean的对象名称，或可匹配多个MBean名称的模式。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/Query.html" title="class in javax.management">Query</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           构造查询对象约束。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/QueryEval.html" title="class in javax.management">QueryEval</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           允许在特定MBean服务器的上下文中执行查询。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/StandardEmitterMBean.html" title="class in javax.management">StandardEmitterMBean</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           一个MBean，其管理界面由Java接口上的反射决定，并发出通知。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/StandardMBean.html" title="class in javax.management">StandardMBean</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           一个MBean，其管理界面由Java接口上的反射决定。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/StringValueExp.html" title="class in javax.management">StringValueExp</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示作为关系约束的参数的字符串。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> </li>
<li class="blockList">
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" class="typeSummary" summary="Exception Summary table, listing exceptions, and an explanation">
<caption>
<span>异常摘要</span>
<span class="tabEnd"> </span>
</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="colFirst" scope="col">异常</th>
<th class="colLast" scope="col">描述</th>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/AttributeNotFoundException.html" title="class in javax.management">AttributeNotFoundException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           指定的属性不存在或无法检索。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/BadAttributeValueExpException.html" title="class in javax.management">BadAttributeValueExpException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           当无效的MBean属性传递给查询构造方法时抛出。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/BadBinaryOpValueExpException.html" title="class in javax.management">BadBinaryOpValueExpException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           当无效表达式传递给构造查询的方法时抛出。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/BadStringOperationException.html" title="class in javax.management">BadStringOperationException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           当无效的字符串操作传递给构造查询的方法时抛出。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/InstanceAlreadyExistsException.html" title="class in javax.management">InstanceAlreadyExistsException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           MBean已经在存储库中注册。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/InstanceNotFoundException.html" title="class in javax.management">InstanceNotFoundException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           存储库中不存在指定的MBean。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/IntrospectionException.html" title="class in javax.management">IntrospectionException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           在MBean的内省期间发生了一个例外。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/InvalidApplicationException.html" title="class in javax.management">InvalidApplicationException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           当尝试应用以下任一操作时抛出：将MBean的子查询表达式或对错误类的MBean的限定属性表达式。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/InvalidAttributeValueException.html" title="class in javax.management">InvalidAttributeValueException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           指定的值对属性无效。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/JMException.html" title="class in javax.management">JMException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           JMX实现抛出异常。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/JMRuntimeException.html" title="class in javax.management">JMRuntimeException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           JMX实现发出的运行时异常。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/ListenerNotFoundException.html" title="class in javax.management">ListenerNotFoundException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           存储库中不存在指定的MBean侦听器。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MalformedObjectNameException.html" title="class in javax.management">MalformedObjectNameException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           字符串的格式不对应于有效的ObjectName。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanException.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示代理中MBean方法抛出的“用户定义”异常。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MBeanRegistrationException.html" title="class in javax.management">MBeanRegistrationException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           封装由preRegister（），preDeregister（）方法抛出的异常 
          <code>MBeanRegistration</code>接口。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/NotCompliantMBeanException.html" title="class in javax.management">NotCompliantMBeanException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           尝试在不符合JMX的MBean的MBean服务器中注册对象时发生的异常。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/OperationsException.html" title="class in javax.management">OperationsException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示对MBean执行操作时MBean服务器中抛出的异常。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/ReflectionException.html" title="class in javax.management">ReflectionException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示在使用java.lang.reflect类调用MBean方法时，MBean服务器中抛出的异常。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/RuntimeErrorException.html" title="class in javax.management">RuntimeErrorException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           当一个 
          <code>java.lang.Error</code>发生在代理中时，它应该被捕获并重新抛出为 
          <code>RuntimeErrorException</code> 。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/RuntimeMBeanException.html" title="class in javax.management">RuntimeMBeanException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示代理中MBean方法抛出的运行时异常。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/RuntimeOperationsException.html" title="class in javax.management">RuntimeOperationsException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示在对MBean执行操作时在代理中抛出的运行时异常。 
         </div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/ServiceNotFoundException.html" title="class in javax.management">ServiceNotFoundException</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           表示不支持请求的服务时引发的异常。 
         </div> </td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" class="typeSummary" summary="Annotation Types Summary table, listing annotation types, and an explanation">
<caption>
<span>注解类型摘要</span>
<span class="tabEnd"> </span>
</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="colFirst" scope="col">Annotation Type</th>
<th class="colLast" scope="col">描述</th>
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</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/DescriptorKey.html" title="annotation in javax.management">DescriptorKey</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
<span>元注释描述注释元素如何与<code>Descriptor</code>中的字段<a href="../../javax/management/Descriptor.html" title="javax.management中的接口">相关</a> 。</span>
</div> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><a href="../../javax/management/MXBean.html" title="annotation in javax.management">MXBean</a></td>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">
           用于将界面明确标记为MXBean接口或不作为MXBean接口的注释。 
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</ul>
<a name="package.description">
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<h2 title="Package javax.management Description">Package javax.management Description</h2>
<div class="block">
<p> <span>提供Java管理扩展的核心类。</span> </p>
<p> <span>Java管理扩展（JMX <sup><font size="-1">TM</font></sup> ）API是用于管理和监视的标准API。</span> <span>典型用途包括：</span> </p>
<ul>
<li> <span>咨询和更改应用程序配置</span> </li>
<li> <span>累积关于应用程序行为的统计信息并使其可用</span> </li>
<li> <span>通知国家变化和错误的条件。</span> </li>
</ul>
<p> <span>JMX API也可以用作管理系统，网络等的解决方案的一部分。</span> </p>
<p> <span>API包括远程访问，因此远程管理程序可以与正在运行的应用程序进行交互，以实现这些目的。</span> </p>
<h2> <span>MBeans</span> </h2>
<p> <span>JMX API的基本概念是<em>MBean</em> 。</span> <span>MBean是一个表示资源的命名<em>管理对象</em> 。</span> <span>它具有必须<em>公开</em>的<em id="mgIface">管理界面</em> ，包括：</span> </p>
<ul>
<li> <span>命名和键入的属性，可以读取和/或写入</span> </li>
<li> <span>命名和键入的操作可以被调用</span> </li>
<li> <span>可以由MBean发布的类型通知。</span> </li>
</ul>
<p> <span>例如，代表应用程序配置的MBean可以具有表示不同配置项的属性。</span> <span>读取<code>CacheSize</code>属性将返回该项目的当前值。</span> <span>编写它会更新项目，从而潜在地改变正在运行的应用程序的行为。</span> <span>诸如<code>save</code>可以<code>save</code>存储当前配置。</span> <span>每次更改配置时，都可以发送ConfigurationChangedNotification等<code>ConfigurationChangedNotification</code> 。</span> </p>
<p> <span>在JMX API的标准用法中，MBeans被实现为Java对象。</span> <span>然而，如下所述，这些对象通常不直接引用。</span> </p>
<h3> <span>标准MBeans</span> </h3>
<p> <span>为了使MBean的实现变得简单，JMX API包含了<em>标准MBean</em>的概念。</span> <span>标准MBean是一种使用某些命名模式从Java界面推导其属性和操作的类，与JavaBeans <sup><font size="-1">TM</font></sup>类似。</span> <span>例如，考虑一个这样的接口：</span> </p>
<pre>  <span>public interface ConfigurationMBean {
         public int getCacheSize();
         public void setCacheSize(int size);
         public long getLastChangedTime();
         public void save();
    }</span> </pre>
<p> <span>方法<code>getCacheSize</code>和<code>setCacheSize</code>限定类型的一个读写属性<code>int</code>称为<code>CacheSize</code> （以初始资本，与JavaBeans惯例不同）。</span> </p>
<p> <span>该方法<code>getLastChangedTime</code>定义类型的属性<code>long</code>称为<code>LastChangedTime</code> 。</span> <span>这是一个只读属性，因为没有方法<code>setLastChangedTime</code> 。</span> </p>
<p> <span>方法<code>save</code>定义了一个称为<code>save</code> 。</span> <span>它不是一个属性，因为它的名字开头不是<code>get</code> ， <code>set</code> ，或<code>is</code> 。</span> </p>
<p> <span>标准MBean的确切命名模式详见<a href="#spec">JMX Specification</a> 。</span> </p>
<p> <span>有两种方法来创建一个具有此管理界面的MBean的Java对象。</span> <span>一个是对象是一个与Java接口具有完全相同名称但没有<code>MBean</code>后缀的类。</span> <span>因此，在示例中，对象将是类<code>Configuration</code> ，在相同的Java包为<code>ConfigurationMBean</code> 。</span> <span>第二种方法是使用<a href="../../javax/management/StandardMBean.html" title="javax.management中的类"><code>StandardMBean</code></a>类。</span> </p>
<h3> <span>MXBeans</span> </h3>
<p> <span><em>MXBean</em>是标准MBean的变体，其中复杂类型映射到<a href="../../javax/management/openmbean/package-summary.html"><code>javax.management.openmbean</code></a>包中定义的一组标准类型。</span> <span>如果您需要在MBean界面中引用特定于应用程序的类，那么MXBeans是合适的。</span> <span>他们进行了详细的规范说明<a href="../../javax/management/MXBean.html" title="javax.management中的注释"><code>MXBean</code></a> 。</span> </p>
<h3> <span>动态MBean</span> </h3>
<p> <span><em>动态MBean</em>是一个在运行时定义其管理界面的MBean。</span> <span>例如，配置MBean可以通过解析XML文件来确定其公开的属性的名称和类型。</span> </p>
<p> <span>实现<a href="../../javax/management/DynamicMBean.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>DynamicMBean</code></a>接口的类的任何Java对象都是动态MBean。</span> </p>
<h3> <span>打开MBean</span> </h3>
<p> <span>一个<em>开放MBean</em>是一种动态MBean，其中使用一小组预定义Java类构建了属性类型和操作参数和返回值。</span> <span>开放的MBeans可以帮助远程管理程序进行操作，这些程序不一定能够访问特定于应用程序的类型，包括非Java程序。</span> <span>打开的MBeans由包<a href="openmbean/package-summary.html"><code> javax.management.openmbean</code></a>定义。</span> </p>
<h3> <span>模型MBeans</span> </h3>
<p> <span><em>模型MBean</em>是一种动态MBean，充当管理界面和底层托管资源之间的桥梁。</span> <span>管理界面和被管理资源都被指定为Java对象。</span> <span>相同的Model MBean实现可以通过不同的管理接口和托管资源重复使用多次，并且可以提供常见的功能，如持久性和缓存。</span> <span>模型MBeans由包<a href="modelmbean/package-summary.html"><code> javax.management.modelmbean</code></a>定义。</span> </p>
<h2> <span>MBean服务器</span> </h2>
<p> <span>为了有用，必须在<em>MBean服务器</em>中注册<em>MBean</em> 。</span> <span>MBean服务器是MBean的存储库。</span> <span>通常，MBean的唯一访问是通过MBean服务器。</span> <span>换句话说，代码不再直接访问实现MBean的Java对象，而是通过MBean服务器以名称访问MBean。</span> <span>每个MBean在MBean服务器中都有一个唯一的名称，由<a href="../../javax/management/ObjectName.html" title="javax.management中的类"><code>ObjectName</code></a>类定义。</span> </p>
<p> <span>MBean服务器是一个实现该接口的对象<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>MBeanServer</code></a> 。</span> <span>使用最方便的MBean服务器是<em>Platform MBean Server</em> 。</span> <span>这是一个单独的MBean服务器，可以在同一个Java虚拟机中运行的不同托管组件共享。</span> <span>使用方法<a href="../../java/lang/management/ManagementFactory.html#getPlatformMBeanServer--"><code>ManagementFactory.getPlatformMBeanServer()</code></a>访问平台MBean服务器。</span> </p>
<p> <span>应用程序代码还可以使用<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerFactory.html" title="javax.management中的类"><code>MBeanServerFactory</code></a>类创建一个新的MBean服务器，或访问已创建的MBean服务器。</span> </p>
<h3> <span>在MBean服务器中创建MBean</span> </h3>
<p> <span>创建MBean有两种方法。</span> <span>一个是构造一个将是MBean的Java对象，然后使用<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html#registerMBean-java.lang.Object-javax.management.ObjectName-"><code>registerMBean</code></a>方法在MBean服务器中注册它。</span> <span>另一个是使用<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html#createMBean-java.lang.String-javax.management.ObjectName-"><code>createMBean</code></a>方法之一在一个操作中创建和注册MBean。</span> </p>
<p> <span><code>registerMBean</code>方法对于本地使用来说更简单，但不能远程使用。</span> <span><code>createMBean</code>方法可以远程使用，但有时需要注意类加载问题。</span> </p>
<p> <span>当它被注册或未注册的MBean服务器，如果它实现了一个MBean可以执行的操作<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanRegistration.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>MBeanRegistration</code></a>接口。</span> </p>
<h3> <span>访问MBean服务器中的MBean</span> </h3>
<p> <span>给定<code>ObjectName</code> <code>name</code>和<code>MBeanServer</code> <code>mbs</code> ，您可以访问属性和操作，如本示例所示：</span> </p>
<pre>  <span>int cacheSize = mbs.getAttribute(name, "CacheSize");
    <a href="../../javax/management/Attribute.html" title="class in javax.management"><code>Attribute</code></a> newCacheSize =
         new Attribute("CacheSize", new Integer(2000));
    mbs.setAttribute(name, newCacheSize);
    mbs.invoke(name, "save", new Object[0], new Class[0]);</span> </pre>
<p id="proxy"> <span>或者，如果您有一个与MBean的管理界面相对应的Java接口，则可以使用以下<em>MBean代理</em> ：</span> </p>
<pre>  <span>ConfigurationMBean conf =
        <a href="../../javax/management/JMX.html#newMBeanProxy-javax.management.MBeanServerConnection-javax.management.ObjectName-java.lang.Class-"><code>JMX.newMBeanProxy</code></a>(mbs, name, ConfigurationMBean.class);
    int cacheSize = conf.getCacheSize();
    conf.setCacheSize(2000);
    conf.save();</span> </pre>
<p> <span>使用MBean代理只是一个方便。</span> <span>第二个例子最终会调用与第一个相同的<code>MBeanServer</code>操作。</span> </p>
<p> <span>对于名称与某些模式匹配的MBean和/或其属性满足某些限制的MBean，可以查询MBean服务器。</span> <span>名称模式使用<a href="../../javax/management/ObjectName.html" title="javax.management中的类"><code>ObjectName</code></a>类构建，约束使用<a href="../../javax/management/Query.html" title="javax.management中的类"><code>Query</code></a>类<a href="../../javax/management/Query.html" title="javax.management中的类">构建</a> 。</span> <span>方法<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html#queryNames-javax.management.ObjectName-javax.management.QueryExp-"><code>queryNames</code></a>和<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html#queryMBeans-javax.management.ObjectName-javax.management.QueryExp-"><code>queryMBeans</code></a>然后执行查询。</span> </p>
<h3> <span>MBean生命周期</span> </h3>
<p> <span>MBean可以实现<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanRegistration.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>MBeanRegistration</code></a>接口，以便在MBean服务器中注册和注销时被告知。</span> <span>此外， <a href="../../javax/management/MBeanRegistration.html#preRegister-javax.management.MBeanServer-javax.management.ObjectName-"><code>preRegister</code></a>方法允许MBean获得对<code>MBeanServer</code>对象的引用，并在MBean服务器中获取其<code>ObjectName</code> 。</span> </p>
<h2> <span>通知</span> </h2>
<p> <span><em>通知</em>是<a href="../../javax/management/Notification.html" title="javax.management中的类"><code>Notification</code></a>类或一个子类的一个实例。</span> <span>除了Java类之外，它还有一个<em>类型</em>字符串，可以将其与同一个类的其他通知区分开来。</span> </p>
<p> <span>将发出通知的MBean必须实现<a href="../../javax/management/NotificationBroadcaster.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>NotificationBroadcaster</code></a>或<a href="../../javax/management/NotificationEmitter.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>NotificationEmitter</code></a>接口。</span> <span>通常，它通过子类化<a href="../../javax/management/NotificationBroadcasterSupport.html" title="javax.management中的类"><code>NotificationBroadcasterSupport</code></a>或委派给该类的实例来实现。</span> <span>这是一个例子：</span> </p>
<pre>  <span>public class Configuration <b>extends NotificationBroadcasterSupport</b>
            implements ConfigurationMBean {
        ...
        private void updated() {
            Notification n = new Notification(...);
            <b><a href="../../javax/management/NotificationBroadcasterSupport.html#sendNotification-javax.management.Notification-"><code>sendNotification</code></a>(n)</b>;
        }
    }</span> </pre>
<p> <span><em>监听器</em>可以接收通知， <em>监听器</em>是实现<a href="../../javax/management/NotificationListener.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>NotificationListener</code></a>接口的对象。</span> <span>您可以使用方法<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html#addNotificationListener-javax.management.ObjectName-javax.management.NotificationListener-javax.management.NotificationFilter-java.lang.Object-"><code>MBeanServer.addNotificationListener(ObjectName, NotificationListener, NotificationFilter, Object)</code></a>将侦听器添加到MBean。</span> <span>您可以选择为此方法提供<em>过滤器</em> ，仅选择感兴趣的通知。</span> <span>过滤器是实现<a href="../../javax/management/NotificationFilter.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>NotificationFilter</code></a>接口的对象。</span> </p>
<p> <span>MBean可以是同一MBean服务器中其他MBean发出的通知的侦听器。</span> <span>在这种情况下，它实现<a href="../../javax/management/NotificationListener.html" title="javax.management中的接口"><code>NotificationListener</code></a> ，方法<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServer.html#addNotificationListener-javax.management.ObjectName-javax.management.ObjectName-javax.management.NotificationFilter-java.lang.Object-"><code>MBeanServer.addNotificationListener(ObjectName, ObjectName, NotificationFilter, Object)</code></a>用于监听。</span> </p>
<h2> <span>远程访问MBean</span> </h2>
<p> <span>MBean服务器可以远程通过<em>连接器</em>来访问。</span> <span>连接器允许远程Java应用程序以与本地服务器基本相同的方式访问MBean服务器。</span> <span>包<a href="remote/package-summary.html"><code> javax.management.remote</code></a>定义连接器。</span> </p>
<p> <span>JMX规范还定义了<em>适配器</em>的概念。</span> <span>适配器在协议（如SNMP或HTML）中的请求之间进行转换，并访问MBean服务器。</span> <span>因此，例如，SNMP GET操作可能会导致MBean服务器上的<code>getAttribute</code> 。</span> </p>
<h3 id="interop"> <span>JMX规范版本之间的互操作性</span> </h3>
<p> <span>当客户端使用JMX Remote API连接到服务器时，它们可能没有相同版本的JMX规范。</span> <span>这里描述的JMX规范版本是1.4版本。</span> <span>以前的版本是1.0,1.1和1.2。</span> <span>（没有1.3。）标准JMX Remote API被定义为使用版本1.2以上，因此在基于标准的部署中，唯一的互操作性问题出现在版本1.2之前。</span> </p>
<p> <span>每个版本的JMX规范继续实现以前版本的功能。</span> <span>因此，当客户端运行的版本低于服务器时，不应存在任何互操作性问题。</span> </p>
<p> <span>当客户端运行比服务器更新的版本时，某些较新的功能可能无法使用，如下一节所述。</span> <span>客户端可以通过检查确定服务器的版本<a href="../../javax/management/MBeanServerDelegateMBean.html#getSpecificationVersion--"><code>SpecificationVersion</code></a>的属性<code>MBeanServerDelegate</code> 。</span> </p>
<h4 id="interop-1.2"> <span>如果远程MBean服务器是1.2</span> </h4>
<ul>
<li><p> <span>您不能在<code>ObjectName</code>的关键属性中使用<a href="../../javax/management/ObjectName.html" title="javax.management中的类">通配符</a> ，例如<code>domain:type=Foo,name=*</code> 。</span> <span>仍然允许匹配整个属性的通配符，例如<code>*:*</code>或<code>*:type=Foo,*</code> 。</span> </p></li>
<li><p> <span>您不能在查询中使用<a href="../../javax/management/Query.html#isInstanceOf-javax.management.StringValueExp-"><code>Query.isInstanceOf</code></a> 。</span> </p></li>
<li><p> <span>不能使用点语法，如<code>HeapMemoryUsage.used</code>在<a href="../../javax/management/monitor/Monitor.html#setObservedAttribute-java.lang.String-">observed attribute</a>监视器，作为文档中描述<a href="../../javax/management/monitor/package-summary.html"><code>javax.management.monitor</code></a>包。</span> </p></li>
</ul>
<p id="spec"></p>
</div>
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="simpleTagLabel">从以下版本开始：</span>
</dt>
<dd>
      1.5 
    </dd>
<dt>
<span class="seeLabel">另请参见：</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<a href="../../../technotes/guides/jmx/index.html"> Java Platform documentation on JMX technology</a> in particular the 
     <a href="../../../technotes/guides/jmx/JMX_1_4_specification.pdf"> JMX Specification, version 1.4(pdf).</a>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>