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482 lines
8.5 KiB
HTML
482 lines
8.5 KiB
HTML
<h1 id="tmux">tmux</h1>
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<p>Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权。</p>
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<h2 id="补充说明">补充说明</h2>
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<p>使用它最直观的好处就是，通过一个终端登录远程主机并运行tmux后，在其中可以开启多个控制台而无需再“浪费”多余的终端来连接这台远程主机；</p>
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<h2 id="功能">功能</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>提供了强劲的、易于使用的命令行界面。</li>
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<li>可横向和纵向分割窗口。</li>
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<li>窗格可以自由移动和调整大小，或直接利用四个预设布局之一。</li>
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<li>支持 UTF-8 编码及 256 色终端。</li>
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<li>可在多个缓冲区进行复制和粘贴。</li>
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<li>可通过交互式菜单来选择窗口、会话及客户端。</li>
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<li>支持跨窗口搜索。</li>
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<li>支持自动及手动锁定窗口。</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="安装">安装</h2>
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<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre><code class="language-bash"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="co"># 在 Mac OS 中，通过 brew 安装</span></a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-2" data-line-number="2"><span class="ex">brew</span> install tmux</a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-3" data-line-number="3"><span class="co"># ubuntu版本下直接apt-get安装</span></a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-4" data-line-number="4"><span class="fu">sudo</span> apt-get install tmux</a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-5" data-line-number="5"><span class="co"># centos7版本下直接yum安装</span></a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-6" data-line-number="6"><span class="ex">yum</span> install -y tmux</a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-7" data-line-number="7"></a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-8" data-line-number="8"><span class="co"># centos6版本需要编译安装</span></a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-9" data-line-number="9"><span class="ex">yum</span> install libevent libevent-devel ncurses-devel</a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-10" data-line-number="10"><span class="fu">tar</span> -zvxf tmux-2.3.tar.gz <span class="co"># (提前下载：wget https://github.com/tmux/tmux/releases/download/2.3/tmux-2.3.tar.gz)</span></a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-11" data-line-number="11"><span class="bu">cd</span> tmux-2.3</a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-12" data-line-number="12"><span class="ex">./configure</span></a>
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<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-13" data-line-number="13"><span class="fu">make</span> <span class="kw">&&</span> <span class="fu">make</span> install</a></code></pre></div>
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<h2 id="快捷键使用说明">快捷键使用说明</h2>
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<table class="table-view log-set-param">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2" align="left" valign="center" width="0">
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<div>
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Ctrl+b
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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激活控制台；此时以下按键生效
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="9" align="left" valign="center" width="0">
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<div>
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系统操作
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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?
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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列出所有快捷键；按q返回
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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d
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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脱离当前会话；这样可以暂时返回Shell界面，输入tmux attach能够重新进入之前的会话
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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D
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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选择要脱离的会话；在同时开启了多个会话时使用
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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Ctrl+z
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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挂起当前会话
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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r
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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强制重绘未脱离的会话
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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s
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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选择并切换会话；在同时开启了多个会话时使用
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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:
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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进入命令行模式；此时可以输入支持的命令，例如kill-server可以关闭服务器
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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[
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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进入复制模式；此时的操作与vi/emacs相同，按q/Esc退出
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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~
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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列出提示信息缓存；其中包含了之前tmux返回的各种提示信息
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="10" align="left" valign="center" width="0">
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<div>
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窗口操作
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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c
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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创建新窗口
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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&
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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关闭当前窗口
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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数字键
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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切换至指定窗口
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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p
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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切换至上一窗口
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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n
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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切换至下一窗口
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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l
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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在前后两个窗口间互相切换
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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w
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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通过窗口列表切换窗口
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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,
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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重命名当前窗口；这样便于识别
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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.
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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修改当前窗口编号；相当于窗口重新排序
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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f
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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在所有窗口中查找指定文本
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td rowspan="14" align="left" valign="center" width="0">
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<div>
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面板操作
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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”
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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将当前面板平分为上下两块
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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%
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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将当前面板平分为左右两块
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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x
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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关闭当前面板
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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!
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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将当前面板置于新窗口；即新建一个窗口，其中仅包含当前面板
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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Ctrl+方向键
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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以1个单元格为单位移动边缘以调整当前面板大小
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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Alt+方向键
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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以5个单元格为单位移动边缘以调整当前面板大小
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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Space
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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在预置的面板布局中循环切换；依次包括even-horizontal、even-vertical、main-horizontal、main-vertical、tiled
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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q
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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显示面板编号
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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o
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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在当前窗口中选择下一面板
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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方向键
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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移动光标以选择面板
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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{
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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向前置换当前面板
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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}
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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向后置换当前面板
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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Alt+o
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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逆时针旋转当前窗口的面板
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<div>
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Ctrl+o
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>
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<div>
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顺时针旋转当前窗口的面板
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p>1）进入tmux面板后，一定要先按ctrl+b，然后松开，再按其他的组合键才生效。 2）常用到的几个组合键：</p>
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<pre><code class="language-bash">ctrl+b ? 显示快捷键帮助
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ctrl+b 空格键 采用下一个内置布局，这个很有意思，在多屏时，用这个就会将多有屏幕竖着展示
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ctrl+b ! 把当前窗口变为新窗口
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ctrl+b " 模向分隔窗口
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ctrl+b % 纵向分隔窗口
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ctrl+b q 显示分隔窗口的编号
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ctrl+b o 跳到下一个分隔窗口。多屏之间的切换
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ctrl+b 上下键 上一个及下一个分隔窗口
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ctrl+b C-方向键 调整分隔窗口大小
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ctrl+b & 确认后退出当前tmux
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ctrl+b [ 复制模式，即将当前屏幕移到上一个的位置上，其他所有窗口都向前移动一个。
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ctrl+b c 创建新窗口
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ctrl+b n 选择下一个窗口
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ctrl+b l 最后使用的窗口
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ctrl+b p 选择前一个窗口
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ctrl+b w 以菜单方式显示及选择窗口
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ctrl+b s 以菜单方式显示和选择会话。这个常用到，可以选择进入哪个tmux
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ctrl+b t 显示时钟。然后按enter键后就会恢复到shell终端状态
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ctrl+b d 脱离当前会话；这样可以暂时返回Shell界面，输入tmux attach能够重新进入之前的会话</code></pre>
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<h2 id="参考资料">参考资料</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>tmux 官网下载地址：http://tmux.github.io/</li>
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</ul>
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