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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>对多个数组或多维数组进行排序</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.array-multisort" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">array_multisort</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">array_multisort</span> — <span class="dc-title">对多个数组或多维数组进行排序</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.array-multisort-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>array_multisort</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">array</span> <code class="parameter reference">&$array1</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.pseudo-types.html#language.types.mixed" class="type mixed">mixed</a></span> <code class="parameter">$array1_sort_order</code><span class="initializer"> = SORT_ASC</span></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.pseudo-types.html#language.types.mixed" class="type mixed">mixed</a></span> <code class="parameter">$array1_sort_flags</code><span class="initializer"> = SORT_REGULAR</span></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.pseudo-types.html#language.types.mixed" class="type mixed">mixed</a></span> <code class="parameter">$...</code></span>
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]]] ) : <span class="type">bool</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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<span class="function"><strong>array_multisort()</strong></span>
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可以用来一次对多个数组进行排序，或者根据某一维或多维对多维数组进行排序。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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关联（<span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.html" class="type string">string</a></span>）键名保持不变，但数字键名会被重新索引。
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</p>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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If two members compare as equal, their relative order in the sorted array is undefined.
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.array-multisort-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">array1</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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要排序的 <span class="type"><a href="language.types.array.html" class="type array">array</a></span>。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">array1_sort_order</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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之前 <span class="type"><a href="language.types.array.html" class="type array">array</a></span> 参数要排列的顺序。
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<strong><code>SORT_ASC</code></strong> 按照上升顺序排序， <strong><code>SORT_DESC</code></strong> 按照下降顺序排序。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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此参数可以和 <code class="parameter">array1_sort_flags</code> 互换，也可以完全删除，默认是 <strong><code>SORT_ASC</code></strong> 。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">array1_sort_flags</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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为 <span class="type"><a href="language.types.array.html" class="type array">array</a></span> 参数设定选项：
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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排序类型标志：
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<ul class="itemizedlist">
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara"><strong><code>SORT_REGULAR</code></strong> -
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将项目按照通常方法比较（不修改类型）
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</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara"><strong><code>SORT_NUMERIC</code></strong> - 按照数字大小比较</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara"><strong><code>SORT_STRING</code></strong> - 按照字符串比较</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara">
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<strong><code>SORT_LOCALE_STRING</code></strong> - 根据当前的本地化设置，按照字符串比较。
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它会使用 locale 信息，可以通过 <span class="function"><a href="setlocale.html" class="function">setlocale()</a></span> 修改此信息。
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</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara">
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<strong><code>SORT_NATURAL</code></strong> - 以字符串的"自然排序"，类似 <span class="function"><a href="natsort.html" class="function">natsort()</a></span>
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</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara">
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<strong><code>SORT_FLAG_CASE</code></strong> - 可以组合
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(按位或 OR)
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<strong><code>SORT_STRING</code></strong> 或者
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<strong><code>SORT_NATURAL</code></strong> 大小写不敏感的方式排序字符串。
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</span>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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参数可以和 <code class="parameter">array1_sort_order</code> 交换或者省略，默认情况下是 <strong><code>SORT_REGULAR</code></strong>。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">...</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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可选的选项，可提供更多数组，跟随在 sort order 和 sort flag 之后。
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提供的数组和之前的数组要有相同数量的元素。
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换言之，排序是按字典顺序排列的。
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.array-multisort-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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成功时返回 <strong><code>TRUE</code></strong>， 或者在失败时返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 changelog" id="refsect1-function.array-multisort-changelog">
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<h3 class="title">更新日志</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<table class="doctable informaltable">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>版本</th>
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<th>说明</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody class="tbody">
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<tr>
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<td>5.4.0</td>
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<td>
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<code class="parameter">array1_sort_flags</code> 增加 <strong><code>SORT_NATURAL</code></strong> 和 <strong><code>SORT_FLAG_CASE</code></strong> 选项。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>5.3.0</td>
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<td>
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<code class="parameter">array1_sort_flags</code> 增加选项 <strong><code>SORT_LOCALE_STRING</code></strong>。
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.array-multisort-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-6050">
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<p><strong>Example #1 多个数组排序</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$ar1 </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">10</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">100</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">100</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">0</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$ar2 </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">3</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">2</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">4</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_multisort</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$ar1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$ar2</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$ar1</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$ar2</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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这个例子里，排序后，第一个数组会包含 0、
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10、 100、 100。
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第二个数组会包含 4、1、 2、 3。
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第二个数组里的项目对应第一个数组后也进行了排序（100 和 100）。
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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array(4) {
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[0]=> int(0)
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[1]=> int(10)
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[2]=> int(100)
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[3]=> int(100)
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}
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array(4) {
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[0]=> int(4)
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[1]=> int(1)
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[2]=> int(2)
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[3]=> int(3)
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}
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-6051">
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<p><strong>Example #2 排序多维数组</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$ar </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(<br /> array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"10"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">11</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">100</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">100</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"a"</span><span style="color: #007700">),<br /> array( </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">2</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"2"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">3</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">)<br /> );<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_multisort</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$ar</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB">0</span><span style="color: #007700">], </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_ASC</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_STRING</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$ar</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">], </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_NUMERIC</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_DESC</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$ar</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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本例中在排序后，第一个数组将变成
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"10"，100，100，11，"a"（被当作字符串以升序排列）。第二个数组将包含
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1, 3, "2", 2, 1（被当作数字以降序排列）。
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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array(2) {
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[0]=> array(5) {
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[0]=> string(2) "10"
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[1]=> int(100)
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[2]=> int(100)
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[3]=> int(11)
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[4]=> string(1) "a"
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}
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[1]=> array(5) {
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[0]=> int(1)
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[1]=> int(3)
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[2]=> string(1) "2"
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[3]=> int(2)
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[4]=> int(1)
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}
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}
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="array_key_first.example.basic">
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<p><strong>Example #3 对数据库结果进行排序</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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本例中 <var class="varname"><var class="varname">data</var></var>
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数组中的每个单元表示一个表中的一行。这是典型的数据库记录的数据集合。
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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例子中的数据如下：
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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volume | edition
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-------+--------
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67 | 2
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86 | 1
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85 | 6
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98 | 2
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86 | 6
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67 | 7
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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数据全都存放在名为 <var class="varname"><var class="varname">data</var></var>
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的数组中。这通常是通过循环从数据库取得的结果，例如
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<span class="function"><a href="mysql_fetch_assoc.html" class="function">mysql_fetch_assoc()</a></span>。
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$data</span><span style="color: #007700">[] = array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'volume' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">67</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'edition' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">2</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data</span><span style="color: #007700">[] = array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'volume' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">86</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'edition' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data</span><span style="color: #007700">[] = array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'volume' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">85</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'edition' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">6</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data</span><span style="color: #007700">[] = array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'volume' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">98</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'edition' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">2</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data</span><span style="color: #007700">[] = array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'volume' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">86</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'edition' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">6</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data</span><span style="color: #007700">[] = array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'volume' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">67</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'edition' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">7</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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本例中将把 <var class="varname"><var class="varname">volume</var></var> 降序排列，把
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<var class="varname"><var class="varname">edition</var></var> 升序排列。
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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现在有了包含有行的数组，但是 <span class="function"><strong>array_multisort()</strong></span>
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需要一个包含列的数组，因此用以下代码来取得列，然后排序。
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
|
||
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 取得列的列表<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">foreach (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data </span><span style="color: #007700">as </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$key </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$volume</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$key</span><span style="color: #007700">] = </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'volume'</span><span style="color: #007700">];<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$edition</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$key</span><span style="color: #007700">] = </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'edition'</span><span style="color: #007700">];<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 将数据根据 volume 降序排列，根据 edition 升序排列<br />// 把 $data 作为最后一个参数，以通用键排序<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_multisort</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$volume</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_DESC</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$edition</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_ASC</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example-contents"><p>
|
||
数据集合现在排好序了，结果如下：
|
||
</p></div>
|
||
<div class="example-contents screen">
|
||
<div class="cdata"><pre>
|
||
volume | edition
|
||
-------+--------
|
||
98 | 2
|
||
86 | 1
|
||
86 | 6
|
||
85 | 6
|
||
67 | 2
|
||
67 | 7
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
<div class="example" id="example-6053">
|
||
<p><strong>Example #4 不区分大小写字母排序</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="example-contents"><p>
|
||
<strong><code>SORT_STRING</code></strong> 和
|
||
<strong><code>SORT_REGULAR</code></strong>
|
||
都是区分大小写字母的，大写字母会排在小写字母之前。
|
||
</p></div>
|
||
<div class="example-contents"><p>
|
||
要进行不区分大小写的排序，就要按照原数组的小写字母拷贝来排序。
|
||
</p></div>
|
||
<div class="example-contents">
|
||
<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
|
||
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$array </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Alpha'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'atomic'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Beta'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'bank'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array_lowercase </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_map</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'strtolower'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_multisort</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array_lowercase</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_ASC</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_STRING</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example-contents"><p>以上例程会输出：</p></div>
|
||
<div class="example-contents screen">
|
||
<div class="cdata"><pre>
|
||
Array
|
||
(
|
||
[0] => Alpha
|
||
[1] => atomic
|
||
[2] => bank
|
||
[3] => Beta
|
||
)
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.array-multisort-seealso">
|
||
<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
<ul class="simplelist">
|
||
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="usort.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">usort()</a> - 使用用户自定义的比较函数对数组中的值进行排序</span></li>
|
||
<li class="member"><a href="array.sorting.html" class="link">数组排序函数对比</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div></div></div></body></html> |