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211 lines
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>从文件指针中读入一行并解析 CSV 字段</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.fgetcsv" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">fgetcsv</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">fgetcsv</span> — <span class="dc-title">从文件指针中读入一行并解析 CSV 字段</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.fgetcsv-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>fgetcsv</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">resource</span> <code class="parameter">$handle</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter">$length</code><span class="initializer"> = 0</span></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$delimiter</code><span class="initializer"> = ','</span></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$enclosure</code><span class="initializer"> = '"'</span></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$escape</code><span class="initializer"> = '\\'</span></span>
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]]]] ) : <span class="type">array</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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和 <span class="function"><a href="fgets.html" class="function">fgets()</a></span> 类似，只除了
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<span class="function"><strong>fgetcsv()</strong></span> 解析读入的行并找出 <acronym title="Comma Separated Value">CSV</acronym>
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格式的字段然后返回一个包含这些字段的数组。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.fgetcsv-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">handle</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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一个由 <span class="function"><a href="fopen.html" class="function">fopen()</a></span>、<span class="function"><a href="popen.html" class="function">popen()</a></span> 或
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<span class="function"><a href="fsockopen.html" class="function">fsockopen()</a></span> 产生的有效文件指针。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">length</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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必须大于 CVS 文件内最长的一行。在 PHP 5
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中该参数是可选的。如果忽略（在 PHP 5.0.4 以后的版本中设为
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0）该参数的话，那么长度就没有限制，不过可能会影响执行效率。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">delimiter</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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设置字段分界符（只允许一个字符）。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">enclosure</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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设置字段环绕符（只允许一个字符）。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">escape</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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设置转义字符（只允许一个字符），默认是一个反斜杠。
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.fgetcsv-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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返回包含读取字段的索引数组。
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</p>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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CSV 文件中的空行将被返回为一个包含有单个 <span class="type"><a href="language.types.null.html" class="type null">null</a></span> 字段的数组，不会被当成错误。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>: <span class="simpara">在读取在 Macintosh 电脑中或由其创建的文件时， 如果 PHP
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不能正确的识别行结束符，启用运行时配置可选项 <a href="filesystem.configuration.html#ini.auto-detect-line-endings" class="link">auto_detect_line_endings</a>
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也许可以解决此问题。</span></p></blockquote>
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<p class="para">
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如果提供了无效的文件指针，<span class="function"><strong>fgetcsv()</strong></span> 会返回 <strong><code>NULL</code></strong>。
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其他错误，包括碰到文件结束时返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>，。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 changelog" id="refsect1-function.fgetcsv-changelog">
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<h3 class="title">更新日志</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<table class="doctable informaltable">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>版本</th>
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<th>说明</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody class="tbody">
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<tr>
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<td>5.3.0</td>
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<td>
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增加了 <code class="parameter">escape</code> 参数。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>4.3.5</td>
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<td>
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现在起 <span class="function"><strong>fgetcsv()</strong></span> 的操作是二进制安全的。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>4.3.0</td>
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<td>
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增加了 <code class="parameter">enclosure</code> 参数。
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.fgetcsv-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-2774">
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<p><strong>Example #1 读取并显示 CSV 文件的整个内容</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$row </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />if ((</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$handle </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fopen</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"test.csv"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"r"</span><span style="color: #007700">)) !== </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FALSE</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br /> while ((</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fgetcsv</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$handle</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1000</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">","</span><span style="color: #007700">)) !== </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FALSE</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$num </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">count</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"<p> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$num</span><span style="color: #DD0000"> fields in line </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row</span><span style="color: #DD0000">: <br /></p>\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row</span><span style="color: #007700">++;<br /> for (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$c</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #0000BB">0</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$c </span><span style="color: #007700">< </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$num</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$c</span><span style="color: #007700">++) {<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$data</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$c</span><span style="color: #007700">] . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"<br />\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fclose</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$handle</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.fgetcsv-notes">
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<h3 class="title">注释</h3>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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该函数对区域设置是敏感的。比如说 <var class="varname"><var class="varname">LANG</var></var> 设为
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<em>en_US.UTF-8</em> 的话，单字节编码的文件就会出现读取错误。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.fgetcsv-seealso">
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<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="str_getcsv.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">str_getcsv()</a> - 解析 CSV 字符串为一个数组</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="explode.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">explode()</a> - 使用一个字符串分割另一个字符串</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="file.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">file()</a> - 把整个文件读入一个数组中</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="pack.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">pack()</a> - 将数据打包成二进制字符串</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="fputcsv.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">fputcsv()</a> - 将行格式化为 CSV 并写入文件指针</span></li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div></div></div></body></html> |