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191 lines
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191 lines
7.3 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>Function to extract a sequence of default grapheme clusters from a text buffer, which must be encoded in UTF-8</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.grapheme-extract" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">grapheme_extract</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PHP 7, PECL intl >= 1.0.0)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">grapheme_extract</span> — <span class="dc-title">Function to extract a sequence of default grapheme clusters from a text buffer, which must be encoded in UTF-8</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.grapheme-extract-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<p class="para">过程化风格</p>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>grapheme_extract</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$haystack</code></span>
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, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter">$size</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter">$extract_type</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter">$start</code><span class="initializer"> = 0</span></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter reference">&$next</code></span>
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]]] ) : <span class="type">string</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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Function to extract a sequence of default grapheme clusters from a text buffer, which must be encoded in UTF-8.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.grapheme-extract-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">haystack</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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String to search.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">size</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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Maximum number items - based on the $extract_type - to return.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">extract_type</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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Defines the type of units referred to by the $size parameter:
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member">GRAPHEME_EXTR_COUNT (default) - $size is the number of default
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grapheme clusters to extract.</li>
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<li class="member">GRAPHEME_EXTR_MAXBYTES - $size is the maximum number of bytes
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returned.</li>
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<li class="member">GRAPHEME_EXTR_MAXCHARS - $size is the maximum number of UTF-8
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characters returned.</li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">start</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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Starting position in $haystack in bytes - if given, it must be zero or a
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positive value that is less than or equal to the length of $haystack in
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bytes, or a negative value that counts from the end of $haystack.
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If $start does not point to the first byte of a UTF-8
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character, the start position is moved to the next character boundary.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">next</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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Reference to a value that will be set to the next starting position.
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When the call returns, this may point to the first byte position past the end of the string.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.grapheme-extract-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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A string starting at offset $start and ending on a default grapheme cluster
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boundary that conforms to the $size and $extract_type specified.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 changelog" id="refsect1-function.grapheme-extract-changelog">
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<h3 class="title">更新日志</h3>
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<table class="doctable informaltable">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>版本</th>
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<th>说明</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody class="tbody">
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<tr>
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<td>7.1.0</td>
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<td>
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Support for negative <code class="parameter">start</code>s has been added.
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.grapheme-extract-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<div class="example" id="example-3093">
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<p><strong>Example #1 <span class="function"><strong>grapheme_extract()</strong></span> example</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /><br />$char_a_ring_nfd </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"a\xCC\x8A"</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 'LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE' (U+00E5) normalization form "D"<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$char_o_diaeresis_nfd </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"o\xCC\x88"</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 'LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS' (U+00F6) normalization form "D"<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #007700">print </span><span style="color: #0000BB">urlencode</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">grapheme_extract</span><span style="color: #007700">( </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$char_a_ring_nfd </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$char_o_diaeresis_nfd</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">GRAPHEME_EXTR_COUNT</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">2</span><span style="color: #007700">));<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p class="para">以上例程会输出：</p>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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o%CC%88
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.grapheme-extract-seealso">
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<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="grapheme_substr.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">grapheme_substr()</a> - Return part of a string</span></li>
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<li class="member">
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<a href="http://unicode.org/reports/tr29/#Grapheme_Cluster_Boundaries" class="link external">»
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Unicode Text Segmentation: Grapheme Cluster Boundaries
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div></div></div></body></html> |