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162 lines
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HTML
162 lines
7.7 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>设置用户自定义的异常处理函数</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.set-exception-handler" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">set_exception_handler</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">set_exception_handler</span> — <span class="dc-title">
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设置用户自定义的异常处理函数
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</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.set-exception-handler-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>set_exception_handler</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.callable.html" class="type callable">callable</a></span> <code class="parameter">$exception_handler</code></span>
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) : <span class="type"><a href="language.types.callable.html" class="type callable">callable</a></span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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设置默认的异常处理程序，用于没有用 try/catch 块来捕获的异常。
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在 <code class="parameter">exception_handler</code> 调用后异常会中止。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.set-exception-handler-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">exception_handler</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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当一个未捕获的异常发生时所调用函数的名称。
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该处理函数需要接受一个参数，该参数是一个抛出的异常对象。
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PHP 7 以前的异常处理程序签名：
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><span class="replaceable">handler</span></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="class.exception.html" class="type Exception">Exception</a></span> <code class="parameter">$ex</code></span>
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) : <span class="type"><span class="type void">void</span></span></div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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自 PHP 7 以来，大多数错误抛出 <strong class="classname">Error</strong> 异常，也能被捕获。
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<strong class="classname">Error</strong>
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和 <a href="class.exception.html" class="classname">Exception</a> 都实现了 <strong class="classname">Throwable</strong> 接口。
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PHP 7 起，处理程序的签名：
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><span class="replaceable">handler</span></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><span class="type Throwable">Throwable</span></span> <code class="parameter">$ex</code></span>
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) : <span class="type"><span class="type void">void</span></span></div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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也可以传递 <strong><code>NULL</code></strong> 值用于重置异常处理函数为默认值。
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</p>
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<div class="caution"><strong class="caution">Caution</strong>
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<p class="para">
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注意，如果在用户回调里将 <code class="parameter">ex</code> 参数的类型明确约束为<a href="class.exception.html" class="classname">Exception</a>， PHP 7 中由于异常类型的变化，将会产生问题。
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</p>
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</div>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.set-exception-handler-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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返回之前定义的异常处理程序的名称，或者在错误时返回 <strong><code>NULL</code></strong>。
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如果之前没有定义错误处理程序，也会返回 <strong><code>NULL</code></strong>。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 changelog" id="refsect1-function.set-exception-handler-changelog">
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<h3 class="title">更新日志</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<table class="doctable informaltable">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>版本</th>
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<th>说明</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody class="tbody">
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<tr>
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<td>7.0.0</td>
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<td>
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传入 <code class="parameter">exception_handler</code> 的参数从 <a href="class.exception.html" class="classname">Exception</a> 改为 <strong class="classname">Throwable</strong>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>5.5.0</td>
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<td>
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之前版本里，如果传入 <strong><code>NULL</code></strong> ，函数会返回 <strong><code>TRUE</code></strong>。
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自 PHP 5.5.0 后，会返回上一次的异常处理器。
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.set-exception-handler-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-465">
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<p><strong>Example #1 <span class="function"><strong>set_exception_handler()</strong></span> 范例</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">exception_handler</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$exception</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Uncaught exception: " </span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$exception</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">getMessage</span><span style="color: #007700">(), </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">set_exception_handler</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'exception_handler'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br />throw new </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Exception</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Uncaught Exception'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Not Executed\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.set-exception-handler-seealso">
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<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="restore_exception_handler.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">restore_exception_handler()</a> - 恢复之前定义过的异常处理函数。</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="restore_error_handler.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">restore_error_handler()</a> - 还原之前的错误处理函数</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="error_reporting.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">error_reporting()</a> - 设置应该报告何种 PHP 错误</span></li>
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<li class="member"><a href="language.pseudo-types.html#language.types.callback" class="link">callback</a> 类型的信息</li>
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<li class="member"><a href="language.exceptions.html" class="link">PHP 5 异常</a></li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div></div></div></body></html> |