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219 lines
11 KiB
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>对数组排序</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.sort" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">sort</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">sort</span> — <span class="dc-title">对数组排序</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.sort-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>sort</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">array</span> <code class="parameter reference">&$array</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter">$sort_flags</code><span class="initializer"> = SORT_REGULAR</span></span>
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] ) : <span class="type">bool</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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本函数对数组进行排序。当本函数结束时数组单元将被从最低到最高重新安排。
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</p>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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If two members compare as equal, their relative order in the sorted array is undefined.
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.sort-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">array</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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要排序的数组。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">sort_flags</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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可选的第二个参数 <code class="parameter">sort_flags</code>
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可以用以下值改变排序的行为：
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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排序类型标记：
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<ul class="itemizedlist">
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara"><strong><code>SORT_REGULAR</code></strong> - 正常比较单元（不改变类型）</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara"><strong><code>SORT_NUMERIC</code></strong> - 单元被作为数字来比较</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara"><strong><code>SORT_STRING</code></strong> - 单元被作为字符串来比较</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara"> <strong><code>SORT_LOCALE_STRING</code></strong> -
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根据当前的区域（locale）设置来把单元当作字符串比较，可以用
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<span class="function"><a href="setlocale.html" class="function">setlocale()</a></span> 来改变。
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</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara"><strong><code>SORT_NATURAL</code></strong> - 和 <span class="function"><a href="natsort.html" class="function">natsort()</a></span> 类似对每个单元以“自然的顺序”对字符串进行排序。 PHP 5.4.0 中新增的。</span>
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</li>
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<li class="listitem">
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<span class="simpara"><strong><code>SORT_FLAG_CASE</code></strong> - 能够与 <strong><code>SORT_STRING</code></strong> 或
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<strong><code>SORT_NATURAL</code></strong> 合并（OR 位运算），不区分大小写排序字符串。</span>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.sort-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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成功时返回 <strong><code>TRUE</code></strong>， 或者在失败时返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 changelog" id="refsect1-function.sort-changelog">
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<h3 class="title">更新日志</h3>
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<table class="doctable informaltable">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>版本</th>
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<th>说明</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody class="tbody">
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<tr>
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<td>5.4.0</td>
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<td>
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添加了 <code class="parameter">sort_flags</code> 内 <strong><code>SORT_NATURAL</code></strong> 和
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<strong><code>SORT_FLAG_CASE</code></strong> 的支持。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>5.0.2</td>
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<td>
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添加了 <strong><code>SORT_LOCALE_STRING</code></strong>。
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.sort-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-6118">
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<p><strong>Example #1 <span class="function"><strong>sort()</strong></span> 例子</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /><br />$fruits </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"lemon"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"orange"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"banana"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"apple"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">sort</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruits</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />foreach (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruits </span><span style="color: #007700">as </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$key </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$val</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"fruits[" </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$key </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"] = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$val </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>以上例程会输出：</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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fruits[0] = apple
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fruits[1] = banana
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fruits[2] = lemon
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fruits[3] = orange
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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fruits 被按照字母顺序排序。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-6119">
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<p><strong>Example #2 使用不区分大小写自然排序的 <span class="function"><strong>sort()</strong></span> 例子</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /><br />$fruits </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Orange1"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"orange2"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Orange3"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"orange20"<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">sort</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruits</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_NATURAL </span><span style="color: #007700">| </span><span style="color: #0000BB">SORT_FLAG_CASE</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />foreach (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruits </span><span style="color: #007700">as </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$key </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$val</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"fruits[" </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$key </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"] = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$val </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>以上例程会输出：</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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fruits[0] = Orange1
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fruits[1] = orange2
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fruits[2] = Orange3
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fruits[3] = orange20
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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fruits 排序得像 <span class="function"><a href="natcasesort.html" class="function">natcasesort()</a></span> 的结果。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.sort-notes">
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<h3 class="title">注释</h3>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>: <span class="simpara">此函数为 <code class="parameter">array</code>
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中的元素赋与新的键名。这将删除原有的键名，而不是仅仅将键名重新排序。</span></p></blockquote>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<span class="simpara">
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和大多数 PHP 排序函数一样，<span class="function"><strong>sort()</strong></span>
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使用了 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quicksort" class="link external">» Quicksort</a> 实现的。
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The pivot is chosen in the middle of the partition resulting in an optimal
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time for already sorted arrays. This is however an implementation detail you
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shouldn't rely on.
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</span>
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</p></blockquote>
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<div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warning</strong>
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<p class="simpara">
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在对含有混合类型值的数组排序时要小心，因为
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<span class="function"><strong>sort()</strong></span> 可能会产生不可预知的结果。
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</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.sort-seealso">
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<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="asort.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">asort()</a> - 对数组进行排序并保持索引关系</span></li>
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<li class="member"><a href="array.sorting.html" class="link">数组排序函数对比</a></li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div></div></div></body></html> |