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169 lines
16 KiB
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>子字符串替换</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.str-replace" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">str_replace</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">str_replace</span> — <span class="dc-title">子字符串替换</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.str-replace-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>str_replace</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.pseudo-types.html#language.types.mixed" class="type mixed">mixed</a></span> <code class="parameter">$search</code></span>
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, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.pseudo-types.html#language.types.mixed" class="type mixed">mixed</a></span> <code class="parameter">$replace</code></span>
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, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.pseudo-types.html#language.types.mixed" class="type mixed">mixed</a></span> <code class="parameter">$subject</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter reference">&$count</code></span>
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] ) : <span class="type"><a href="language.pseudo-types.html#language.types.mixed" class="type mixed">mixed</a></span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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该函数返回一个字符串或者数组。该字符串或数组是将 <code class="parameter">subject</code> 中全部的 <code class="parameter">search</code> 都被 <code class="parameter">replace</code> 替换之后的结果。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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如果没有一些特殊的替换需求（比如正则表达式），你应该使用该函数替换 <span class="function"><a href="ereg_replace.html" class="function">ereg_replace()</a></span> 和 <span class="function"><a href="preg_replace.html" class="function">preg_replace()</a></span>。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.str-replace-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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如果 <code class="parameter">search</code> 和 <code class="parameter">replace</code> 为数组，那么 <span class="function"><strong>str_replace()</strong></span> 将对 <code class="parameter">subject</code> 做二者的映射替换。如果 <code class="parameter">replace</code> 的值的个数少于 <code class="parameter">search</code> 的个数，多余的替换将使用空字符串来进行。如果 <code class="parameter">search</code> 是一个数组而 <code class="parameter">replace</code> 是一个字符串，那么 <code class="parameter">search</code> 中每个元素的替换将始终使用这个字符串。该转换不会改变大小写。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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如果 <code class="parameter">search</code> 和 <code class="parameter">replace</code> 都是数组，它们的值将会被依次处理。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">search</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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查找的目标值，也就是 <em class="emphasis">needle</em>。一个数组可以指定多个目标。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">replace</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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<code class="parameter">search</code> 的替换值。一个数组可以被用来指定多重替换。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">subject</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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执行替换的数组或者字符串。也就是 <em class="emphasis">haystack</em>。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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如果 <code class="parameter">subject</code> 是一个数组，替换操作将遍历整个 <code class="parameter">subject</code>，返回值也将是一个数组。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">count</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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如果被指定，它的值将被设置为替换发生的次数。
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.str-replace-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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该函数返回替换后的数组或者字符串。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.str-replace-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-5956">
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<p><strong>Example #1 <span class="function"><strong>str_replace()</strong></span> 基本范例</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 赋值: <body text='black'><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$bodytag </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">str_replace</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%body%"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"black"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"<body text='%body%'>"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 赋值: Hll Wrld f PHP<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$vowels </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"a"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"e"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"i"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"o"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"u"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"A"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"E"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"I"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"O"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"U"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$onlyconsonants </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">str_replace</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$vowels</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">""</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Hello World of PHP"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 赋值: You should eat pizza, beer, and ice cream every day<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$phrase </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"You should eat fruits, vegetables, and fiber every day."</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$healthy </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"fruits"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"vegetables"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"fiber"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$yummy </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"pizza"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"beer"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"ice cream"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$newphrase </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">str_replace</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$healthy</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$yummy</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$phrase</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 赋值: 2<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$str </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">str_replace</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"ll"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">""</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"good golly miss molly!"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$count</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$count</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-5957">
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<p><strong>Example #2 可能的 <span class="function"><strong>str_replace()</strong></span> 替换范例</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 替换顺序<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$str </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Line 1\nLine 2\rLine 3\r\nLine 4\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$order </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\r\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\r"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$replace </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'<br />'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 首先替换 \r\n 字符，因此它们不会被两次转换<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$newstr </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">str_replace</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$order</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$replace</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$str</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 输出 F ，因为 A 被 B 替换，B 又被 C 替换，以此类推...<br />// 由于从左到右依次替换，最终 E 被 F 替换<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$search </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'A'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'B'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'C'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'D'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'E'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$replace </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'B'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'C'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'D'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'E'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'F'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$subject </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'A'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">str_replace</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$search</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$replace</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$subject</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 输出: apearpearle pear<br />// 由于上面提到的原因<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$letters </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'a'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'p'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruit </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'apple'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'pear'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$text </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'a p'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">str_replace</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$letters</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruit</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$text</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.str-replace-notes">
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<h3 class="title">注释</h3>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>: <span class="simpara">此函数可安全用于二进制对象。</span></p></blockquote>
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<div class="caution"><strong class="caution">Caution</strong>
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<h1 class="title">了解替换顺序</h1>
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<p class="para">
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由于 <span class="function"><strong>str_replace()</strong></span> 的替换时从左到右依次进行的，进行多重替换的时候可能会替换掉之前插入的值。参见该文档的范例。
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</p>
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</div>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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该函数区分大小写。使用 <span class="function"><a href="str_ireplace.html" class="function">str_ireplace()</a></span> 可以进行不区分大小写的替换。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.str-replace-seealso">
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<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="str_ireplace.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">str_ireplace()</a> - str_replace 的忽略大小写版本</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="substr_replace.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">substr_replace()</a> - 替换字符串的子串</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="preg_replace.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">preg_replace()</a> - 执行一个正则表达式的搜索和替换</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="strtr.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">strtr()</a> - 转换指定字符</span></li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div></div></div></body></html> |