2019-04-21 11:50:48 +08:00

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<article class="" id="post-">
<header class="entry-header">
<h1 class="entry-title">.find()</h1>
<div class="entry-meta">
所属分类:<span class="category"><a href="/category/traversing/">遍历</a> &gt; <a href="/category/traversing/tree-traversal/">树遍历</a></span>
<span class="pull-right">英文文档:<a href="https://api.jquery123.com/find/" target="_blank">.find()</a></span>
</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
<!-- .entry-header -->
<div class="entry-content">
<article class="entry method" id="find1"><h2 class="section-title">
<span class="name">.find( selector )</span><span class="returns">返回: <a href="/Types/#jQuery">jQuery</a></span>
</h2>
<div class="entry-wrapper">
<p class="desc"><strong>描述: </strong>通过一个选择器jQuery对象或元素过滤得到当前匹配的元素集合中每个元素的后代。</p>
<ul class="signatures">
<li class="signature" id="find-selector">
<h4 class="name">
<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.0/">1.0</a></span>.find( selector )</h4>
<ul><li>
<div><strong>selector</strong></div>
<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Selector">Selector</a>
</div>
<div>一个用于匹配元素的选择器字符串。</div>
</li></ul>
</li>
<li class="signature" id="find-jQuery-object">
<h4 class="name">
<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.6/">1.6</a></span>.find( jQuery object )</h4>
<ul><li>
<div><strong>jQuery object</strong></div>
<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Object">Object</a>
</div>
<div>现有匹配当前元素集合的jQuery对象。</div>
</li></ul>
</li>
<li class="signature" id="find-element">
<h4 class="name">
<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.6/">1.6</a></span>.find( element )</h4>
<ul><li>
<div><strong>element</strong></div>
<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Element">Element</a>
</div>
<div>一个匹配当前元素集合的元素。</div>
</li></ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="longdesc" id="entry-longdesc">
<p>如果一个jQuery对象表示一个DOM元素的集合 <code>.find()</code>方法允许我们能够通过查找DOM树中的这些元素的后代元素匹配的元素将构造一个新的jQuery对象。<code>.find()</code><code>.children()</code>方法是相似的但后者只是再DOM树中向下遍历一个层级就是只查找子元素而不是后代元素</p>
<p><code>.find()</code>方法还可以接受一个选择器表达式,该选择器表达式可以是任何可传给<code>$()</code>函数的选择器表达式。如果紧随兄弟匹配选择器它将被保留在新构建的jQuery对象中否则它被排除在外。</p>
<p>考虑一个页面上的一个简单的列表:</p>
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<div class="line n6">6</div>
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<div class="line n10">10</div>
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<td class="code">
<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">ul</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"level-1"</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-i"</span>&gt;</span>I<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">li</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-ii"</span>&gt;</span>II</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">ul</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"level-2"</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-a"</span>&gt;</span>A<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">li</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-b"</span>&gt;</span>B</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">ul</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"level-3"</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-1"</span>&gt;</span>1<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">li</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-2"</span>&gt;</span>2<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">li</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-3"</span>&gt;</span>3<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">li</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">ul</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">li</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-c"</span>&gt;</span>C<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">li</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">ul</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">li</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-iii"</span>&gt;</span>III<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">li</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">ul</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>如果我们从item II 开始,我们可以找到它里面的清单项目:</p>
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<td class="code">
<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">'li.item-ii'</span>).find(<span class="string">'li'</span>).css(<span class="string">'background-color'</span>, <span class="string">'red'</span>);</code></div></div></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>该调用的结果是II项的AB123和C的背景变为红色尽管item II匹配选择表达式它不包括在结果中; 只有它的后代被认为是匹配的候选元素。</p>
<div class="warning"><p>和其他的遍历方法不同,调用<code>.find()</code>需要选择器表达式参数。如果我们需要检索所有的后代元素,我们可以通过在普遍选择器<code>'*'</code>来完成。</p></div>
<p><a href="/selector-context">选择器上下文</a> 通过 <code>.find()</code> 方法实现, <code>$('li.item-ii').find('li')</code> 等价于 <code>$('li', 'li.item-ii')</code>.</p>
<p><strong>在 jQuery 1.6中</strong>, 我们还可以用给定的jQuery集合或元素来过滤元素。在如上所述相同的嵌套列表中如果我们开始</p>
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="keyword">var</span> $allListElements = $(<span class="string">'li'</span>);</code></div></div></pre>
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<p>然后通过这个jQuery对象查找</p>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">'li.item-ii'</span>).find( $allListElements );</code></div></div></pre>
</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>这将返回一个只包含列表元素的jQuery集合它们是项目II的后代。</p>
<p>同样,一个元素可能也可以通过查找:</p>
<div class="syntaxhighlighter javascript nogutter">
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<td class="gutter">
<div class="line n1">1</div>
<div class="line n2">2</div>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="keyword">var</span> item1 = $(<span class="string">'li.item-1'</span>)[<span class="number">0</span>];</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">'li.item-ii'</span>).find( item1 ).css(<span class="string">'background-color'</span>, <span class="string">'red'</span>);</code></div></div></pre>
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</tbody>
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<p>该调用的结果将是对item 1 的背景替换为红色。</p>
</div>
<section class="entry-examples" id="entry-examples"><header><h2 class="underline">例子:</h2></header><div class="entry-example" id="example-0">
<h4>Example: <span class="desc">开始搜索段落所有后代的span元素和$("p span")一样</span>
</h4>
<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
<table>
<tbody>
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<td class="gutter">
<div class="line n1">1</div>
<div class="line n2">2</div>
<div class="line n3">3</div>
<div class="line n4">4</div>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">html</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">head</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>&gt;</span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">head</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">body</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>Hello<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>, how are you?<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span>Me? I'm <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>good<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>.<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span><span class="javascript"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> $(<span class="string">"p"</span>).find(<span class="string">"span"</span>).css(<span class="string">'color'</span>,<span class="string">'red'</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">body</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">html</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div></pre>
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<h4>Demo:</h4>
<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
</div>
<div class="entry-example" id="example-1">
<h4>Example: <span class="desc">一个选择使用的所有span标签jQuery集合。只有spans在P标签更改为红色而另一些是蓝色。</span>
</h4>
<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
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<td class="gutter">
<div class="line n1">1</div>
<div class="line n2">2</div>
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">html</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">head</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">style</span>&gt;</span><span class="css"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">span</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">color</span>:<span class="value"> blue;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">style</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>&gt;</span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">head</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">body</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>Hello<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>, how are you?<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span>Me? I'm <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>good<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>.<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">div</span>&gt;</span>Did you <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span>eat<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">span</span>&gt;</span> yet?<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">div</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span><span class="javascript"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">var</span> $spans = $(<span class="string">'span'</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> $(<span class="string">"p"</span>).find( $spans ).css(<span class="string">'color'</span>,<span class="string">'red'</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">body</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">html</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div></pre>
</td>
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</tbody>
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</div>
<h4>Demo:</h4>
<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
</div>
<div class="entry-example" id="example-2">
<h4>Example: <span class="desc">为每个单词添加 span 标签,并为 span 标签添加 hover 事件,并且将含有 t 的单词变为斜体。</span>
</h4>
<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
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<td class="code">
<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">html</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">head</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">style</span>&gt;</span><span class="css"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">p</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">font-size</span>:<span class="value"><span class="number">20</span>px;</span></span> <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">width</span>:<span class="value"><span class="number">200</span>px;</span></span> <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">cursor</span>:<span class="value">default;</span></span> </span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">color</span>:<span class="value">blue;</span></span> <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">font-weight</span>:<span class="value">bold;</span></span> <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">margin</span>:<span class="value"><span class="number">0</span> <span class="number">10</span>px;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="class">.hilite</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">background</span>:<span class="value">yellow;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">style</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>&gt;</span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">head</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">body</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> When the day is short</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> find that which matters to you</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> or stop believing</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">p</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span><span class="javascript"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">var</span> newText = $(<span class="string">"p"</span>).text().split(<span class="string">" "</span>).join(<span class="string">"&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;"</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> newText = <span class="string">"&lt;span&gt;"</span> + newText + <span class="string">"&lt;/span&gt;"</span>;</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> $(<span class="string">"p"</span>).html( newText )</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> .find(<span class="string">'span'</span>)</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> .hover(<span class="keyword">function</span>() { </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> $(<span class="keyword">this</span>).addClass(<span class="string">"hilite"</span>); </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> },</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">function</span>() { $(<span class="keyword">this</span>).removeClass(<span class="string">"hilite"</span>); </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> })</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> .end()</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> .find(<span class="string">":contains('t')"</span>)</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> .css({<span class="string">"font-style"</span>:<span class="string">"italic"</span>, <span class="string">"font-weight"</span>:<span class="string">"bolder"</span>});</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">script</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">body</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="title">html</span>&gt;</span></code></div></div></pre>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h4>Demo:</h4>
<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
</div></section>
</div></article> </div>
</article>