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241 lines
21 KiB
HTML
<article class="" id="post-">
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<header class="entry-header">
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<h1 class="entry-title">jQuery.data()</h1>
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<div class="entry-meta">
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所属分类：<span class="category"><a href="/category/data/">数据操作</a></span><span class="category-divider"> | </span><span class="category"><a href="/category/utilities/">工具类</a></span>
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<span class="pull-right">英文文档：<a href="https://api.jquery123.com/jQuery.data/" target="_blank">jQuery.data()</a></span>
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</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
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</header><!-- .entry-header -->
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<!-- .entry-header -->
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<div class="entry-content">
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存储任意数据到指定的元素并且/或者返回设置的值。<div class="toc">
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<h4><span>Contents:</span></h4>
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<ul class="toc-list">
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<li>
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<a href="#jQuery-data1">jQuery.data( element, key, value )</a><ul><li>jQuery.data( element, key, value )</li></ul>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="#jQuery-data2">jQuery.data( element, key )</a><ul>
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<li>jQuery.data( element, key )</li>
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<li>jQuery.data( element )</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div><article class="entry method" id="jQuery-data1"><h2 class="section-title">
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<span class="name">jQuery.data( element, key, value )</span><span class="returns">返回: <a href="/Types/#Object">Object</a></span>
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</h2>
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<div class="entry-wrapper">
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<p class="desc"><strong>描述: </strong>存储任意数据到指定的元素,返回设置的值。</p>
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<ul class="signatures"><li class="signature" id="jQuery-data-element-key-value">
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<h4 class="name">
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<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.2.3/">1.2.3</a></span>jQuery.data( element, key, value )</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<div><strong>element</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Element">Element</a>
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</div>
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<div>要存储数据的DOM对象</div>
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</li>
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<li>
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<div><strong>key</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#String">String</a>
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</div>
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<div>存储的数据名</div>
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</li>
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<li>
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<div><strong>value</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Object">Object</a>
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</div>
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<div>新数据值</div>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li></ul>
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<div class="longdesc" id="entry-longdesc">
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<p><strong>注意：</strong>这是一个底层的方法，你应该用<code><a href="/data">.data()</a></code>代替。 </p>
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<p><code>jQuery.data()</code> 方法允许我们在DOM元素上附加任意类型的数据,避免了循环引用的内存泄漏风险。如果 DOM 元素是通过 jQuery 方法删除的或者当用户离开页面时，jQuery 同时也会移除添加在上面的数据。我们可以在一个元素上设置不同的值，并获取这些值：</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter javascript nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>jQuery.data(document.body, <span class="string">'foo'</span>, <span class="number">52</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>jQuery.data(document.body, <span class="string">'bar'</span>, <span class="string">'test'</span>);</code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p><em>注意:</em> 这个方法目前并不提供在XML文档上跨平台设置，作为Internet Explorer不允许在XML文档中通过自定义属性附加数据。</p>
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</div>
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<section class="entry-examples" id="entry-examples"><header><h2 class="underline">例子:</h2></header><div class="entry-example" id="example-0">
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<h4><span class="desc">在 div 元素上先存储再获取数据。</span></h4>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
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<table>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype"><!DOCTYPE html></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">style</span>></span><span class="css"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">div</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">color</span>:<span class="value">blue;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">span</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">color</span>:<span class="value">red;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">style</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> The values stored were</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">span</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">span</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> and</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">span</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">span</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span>></span><span class="javascript"><span class="keyword">var</span> div = $(<span class="string">"div"</span>)[<span class="number">0</span>];</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> jQuery.data(div, <span class="string">"test"</span>, { first: <span class="number">16</span>, last: <span class="string">"pizza!"</span> });</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> $(<span class="string">"span:first"</span>).text(jQuery.data(div, <span class="string">"test"</span>).first);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> $(<span class="string">"span:last"</span>).text(jQuery.data(div, <span class="string">"test"</span>).last);<span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h4>Demo:</h4>
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<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
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</div></section>
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</div></article><article class="entry method" id="jQuery-data2"><h2 class="section-title">
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<span class="name">jQuery.data( element, key )</span><span class="returns">返回: <a href="/Types/#Object">Object</a></span>
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</h2>
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<div class="entry-wrapper">
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<p class="desc"><strong>描述: </strong>
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返回用<code>jQuery.data(element, name, value)</code>储存在元素上的相应名字的数据，或者元素上完整的数据存储</p>
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<ul class="signatures">
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<li class="signature" id="jQuery-data-element-key">
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<h4 class="name">
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<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.2.3/">1.2.3</a></span>jQuery.data( element, key )</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<div><strong>element</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Element">Element</a>
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</div>
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<div>T要关联数据的DOM对象</div>
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</li>
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<li>
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<div><strong>key</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#String">String</a>
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</div>
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<div>存储的数据名</div>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="signature" id="jQuery-data-element">
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<h4 class="name">
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<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.4/">1.4</a></span>jQuery.data( element )</h4>
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<ul><li>
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<div><strong>element</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Element">Element</a>
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</div>
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<div>要关联数据的DOM对象</div>
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</li></ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<div class="longdesc" id="entry-longdesc-1">
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<p><strong>注意</strong>这是一个底层的方法，你应该用<code><a href="/data">.data()</a></code>代替。 </p>
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<p><strong> 关于 HTML5 data-* 属性:</strong> 这个低层次的方法不检索的<code>data-*</code>属性，
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除非<code><a href="/data">.data()</a></code>方法已经返回了它们。</p>
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<p><code>jQuery.data()</code>方法允许我们在DOM元素上附加任意类型的数据,避免了循环引用的内存泄漏风险。我们可以在一个元素上设置不同的值，并获取这些值：</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter javascript nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>alert(jQuery.data( document.body, <span class="string">'foo'</span> ));</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>alert(jQuery.data( document.body ));</code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>上面几行代码alert <code>body</code>元素上设置的值。若果先前没有设置任何值，那么将返回一个空字符串。</p>
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<p>调用<code>jQuery.data(element)</code>时将获取一个JavaScript对象，它包含了元素上所有存储的数据。jQuery内部自身使用这个方法来绑定数据，如事件处理器，所以不要以为这对象只包含你的代码中储存的数据。</p>
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<p><em>注意:</em> 这个方法目前并不提供在XML文档上跨平台设置，作为Internet Explorer不允许XML 文档中通过自定义属性附加数据。</p>
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</div>
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<section class="entry-examples" id="entry-examples-1"><header><h2 class="underline">例子:</h2></header><div class="entry-example" id="example-1-0">
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<h4><span class="desc">获取存放在元素上名叫 "blah" 的数据。</span></h4>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype"><!DOCTYPE html></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">style</span>></span><span class="css"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">div</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">margin</span>:<span class="value"><span class="number">5</span>px;</span></span> <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">background</span>:<span class="value">yellow;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">button</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">margin</span>:<span class="value"><span class="number">5</span>px;</span></span> <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">font-size</span>:<span class="value"><span class="number">14</span>px;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">p</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">margin</span>:<span class="value"><span class="number">5</span>px;</span></span> <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">color</span>:<span class="value">blue;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag">span</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">color</span>:<span class="value">red;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">style</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span>></span>A div<span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">button</span>></span>Get "blah" from the div<span class="tag"></<span class="title">button</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">button</span>></span>Set "blah" to "hello"<span class="tag"></<span class="title">button</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">button</span>></span>Set "blah" to 86<span class="tag"></<span class="title">button</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">button</span>></span>Remove "blah" from the div<span class="tag"></<span class="title">button</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>The "blah" value of this div is <span class="tag"><<span class="title">span</span>></span>?<span class="tag"></<span class="title">span</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">"button"</span>).click(<span class="keyword">function</span>(e) {</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">var</span> value, div = $(<span class="string">"div"</span>)[<span class="number">0</span>];</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">switch</span> ($(<span class="string">"button"</span>).index(<span class="keyword">this</span>)) {</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">case</span> <span class="number">0</span> :</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> value = jQuery.data(div, <span class="string">"blah"</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">break</span>;</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">case</span> <span class="number">1</span> :</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> jQuery.data(div, <span class="string">"blah"</span>, <span class="string">"hello"</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> value = <span class="string">"Stored!"</span>;</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">break</span>;</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">case</span> <span class="number">2</span> :</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> jQuery.data(div, <span class="string">"blah"</span>, <span class="number">86</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> value = <span class="string">"Stored!"</span>;</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">break</span>;</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">case</span> <span class="number">3</span> :</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> jQuery.removeData(div, <span class="string">"blah"</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> value = <span class="string">"Removed!"</span>;</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">break</span>;</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> }</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> $(<span class="string">"span"</span>).text(<span class="string">""</span> + value);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>});</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<h4>Demo:</h4>
|
||
<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
|
||
</div></section>
|
||
</div></article> </div>
|
||
</article> |