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170 lines
18 KiB
HTML
170 lines
18 KiB
HTML
<article class="" id="post-">
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<header class="entry-header">
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<h1 class="entry-title">.parent()</h1>
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<div class="entry-meta">
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所属分类：<span class="category"><a href="/category/traversing/">遍历</a> > <a href="/category/traversing/tree-traversal/">树遍历</a></span>
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<span class="pull-right">英文文档：<a href="https://api.jquery123.com/parent/" target="_blank">.parent()</a></span>
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</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
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</header><!-- .entry-header -->
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<!-- .entry-header -->
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<div class="entry-content">
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<article class="entry method" id="parent1"><h2 class="section-title">
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<span class="name">.parent( [selector ] )</span><span class="returns">返回: <a href="/Types/#jQuery">jQuery</a></span>
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</h2>
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<div class="entry-wrapper">
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<p class="desc"><strong>描述: </strong>取得匹配元素集合中，每个元素的父元素，可以提供一个可选的选择器。</p>
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<ul class="signatures"><li class="signature" id="parent-selector">
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<h4 class="name">
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<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.0/">1.0</a></span>.parent( [selector ] )</h4>
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<ul><li>
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<div><strong>selector</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Selector">Selector</a>
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</div>
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<div>一个字符串，用于匹配元素的选择器表达式字符串。</div>
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</li></ul>
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</li></ul>
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<div class="longdesc" id="entry-longdesc">
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<p>如果提供的jQuery代表了一组DOM元素，<code>.parent()</code>方法允许我们能够在DOM树中搜索到这些元素的父级元素，从有序的向上匹配元素，并根据匹配的元素创建一个新的 jQuery 对象。</p>
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<p>
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<a href="/parents"><code>.parents()</code></a>和<code>.parent()</code>方法是相似的，但后者只是进行了一个单级的DOM树查找（注：也就是只查找一层，直接的父元素，而不是更加上级的祖先元素）。此外，<code>$( "html" ).parent()</code>方法返回一个包含<code>document</code>的集合，而<code>$( "html" ).parents()</code>返回一个空集合。</p>
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<p>该方法还可以接受一个可选的选择器表达式，该选择器表达式可以是任何可传给 <code>$()</code> 函数的选择器表达式。如果提供了选择器表达式，那么会先测试该元素是否满足匹配的选择器表达式。</p>
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<p>考虑一个基本的嵌套列表页：</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml nogutter">
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<table>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">ul</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"level-1"</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-i"</span>></span>I<span class="tag"></<span class="title">li</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-ii"</span>></span>II</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">ul</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"level-2"</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-a"</span>></span>A<span class="tag"></<span class="title">li</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-b"</span>></span>B</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">ul</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"level-3"</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-1"</span>></span>1<span class="tag"></<span class="title">li</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-2"</span>></span>2<span class="tag"></<span class="title">li</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-3"</span>></span>3<span class="tag"></<span class="title">li</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">ul</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">li</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-c"</span>></span>C<span class="tag"></<span class="title">li</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">ul</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">li</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">li</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"item-iii"</span>></span>III<span class="tag"></<span class="title">li</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">ul</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>如果我们在项目A开始，我们可以找到它的父级元素：</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter javascript nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">'li.item-a'</span>).parent().css(<span class="string">'background-color'</span>, <span class="string">'red'</span>);</code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>此调用的结果是一个level-2列表红色背景， 由于我们没有提供一个选择器表达式，所以它的父元素就是返回的 jQuery 对象的一部分。如果我们提供了选择器，那么只有满足选择器的元素才会被包含在结果中。</p>
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</div>
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<section class="entry-examples" id="entry-examples"><header><h2 class="underline">例子:</h2></header><div class="entry-example" id="example-0">
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<h4>Example: <span class="desc">显示页面中每个元素的父元素(父元素 > 子元素)。可以查看 raw html 的源代码。</span>
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</h4>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<td class="gutter">
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype"><!DOCTYPE html></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">style</span>></span><span class="css"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag">div</span>,<span class="tag">p</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">margin</span>:<span class="value"><span class="number">10</span>px;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">style</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span>></span>div,</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">span</span>></span>span, <span class="tag"></<span class="title">span</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">b</span>></span>b <span class="tag"></<span class="title">b</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>p,</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">span</span>></span>span,</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">em</span>></span>em <span class="tag"></<span class="title">em</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">span</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span>></span>div,</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">strong</span>></span>strong,</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">span</span>></span>span, <span class="tag"></<span class="title">span</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">em</span>></span>em,</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">b</span>></span>b, <span class="tag"></<span class="title">b</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">em</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">strong</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">b</span>></span>b <span class="tag"></<span class="title">b</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">"*"</span>, document.body).each(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="params">()</span> {</span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="keyword">var</span> parentTag = $(<span class="keyword">this</span>).parent().get(<span class="number">0</span>).tagName;</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> $(<span class="keyword">this</span>).prepend(document.createTextNode(parentTag + <span class="string">" > "</span>));</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>});</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h4>Demo:</h4>
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<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
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</div>
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<div class="entry-example" id="example-1">
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<h4>Example: <span class="desc">查找每个段落的父元素，要求该父元素要带有 "selected" 样式。</span>
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</h4>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype"><!DOCTYPE html></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>Hello<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"selected"</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>Hello Again<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span>></span><span class="javascript">$(<span class="string">"p"</span>).parent(<span class="string">".selected"</span>).css(<span class="string">"background"</span>, <span class="string">"yellow"</span>);</span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h4>Demo:</h4>
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<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
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</div></section>
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</div></article> </div>
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</article> |