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fofolee
281 lines
20 KiB
HTML
281 lines
20 KiB
HTML
<article class="" id="post-">
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<header class="entry-header">
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<h1 class="entry-title">.before()</h1>
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<div class="entry-meta">
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所属分类：<span class="category"><a href="/category/manipulation/">DOM 操作</a> > <a href="/category/manipulation/dom-insertion-outside/">DOM 插入现有元素外</a></span>
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<span class="pull-right">英文文档：<a href="https://api.jquery123.com/before/" target="_blank">.before()</a></span>
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</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
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</header><!-- .entry-header -->
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<!-- .entry-header -->
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<div class="entry-content">
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<article class="entry method" id="before1"><h2 class="section-title">
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<span class="name">.before( content [, content ] )</span><span class="returns">返回: <a href="/Types/#jQuery">jQuery</a></span>
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</h2>
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<div class="entry-wrapper">
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<p class="desc"><strong>描述: </strong>根据参数设定，在匹配元素的前面插入内容（译者注：外部插入）</p>
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<ul class="signatures">
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<li class="signature" id="before-content-content">
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<h4 class="name">
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<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.0/">1.0</a></span>.before( content [, content ] )</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<div><strong>content</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#String,%20Element,%20jQuery">String, Element, jQuery</a>
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</div>
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<div>
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HTML字符串，DOM 元素，元素数组，或者jQuery对象，用来插在集合中每个匹配元素前面。</div>
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</li>
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<li>
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<div><strong>content</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#String,%20Element,%20Array,%20jQuery">String, Element, Array, jQuery</a>
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</div>
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<div>
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一个或多个DOM元素，元素数组，HTML字符串，或jQuery对象，用来插在集合中每个匹配元素前面。</div>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="signature" id="before-function">
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<h4 class="name">
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<span class="version-details">添加的版本: <a href="/category/version/1.4/">1.4</a></span>.before( function )</h4>
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<ul><li>
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<div><strong>function</strong></div>
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<div>类型: <a href="/Types/#Function">Function</a>()</div>
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<div>
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一个返回HTML字符串，DOM元素，jQuery对象的函数，该字符串用来插在集合中每个匹配元素前面。 接收index 参数表示元素在匹配集合中的索引位置和html 参数表示元素上原来的 HTML 内容。在函数中<code>this</code>指向元素集合中的当前元素。
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</div>
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</li></ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<div class="longdesc" id="entry-longdesc">
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<p><code>.before()</code> 和<a href="/insertBefore">.insertBefore()</a>实现同样的功能。主要的不同是语法——内容和目标的位置不同。对于<code>.before()</code>,
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选择器表达式在方法的前面，参数是将要插入的内容。对于<code>.insertBefore()</code>刚好相反，内容在方法前面，无论是作为一个选择表达式或作为标记上创建动态，它将被放在目标容器的前面。</p>
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<p>请看下面的HTML:</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<div class="line n2">2</div>
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<div class="line n3">3</div>
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<div class="line n4">4</div>
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<div class="line n5">5</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"container"</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">h2</span>></span>Greetings<span class="tag"></<span class="title">h2</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"inner"</span>></span>Hello<span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"inner"</span>></span>Goodbye<span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>你可以创建内容然后同时插入到多个元素前面：</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter javascript nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">'.inner'</span>).before(<span class="string">'<p>Test</p>'</span>);</code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>
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每个新的inner <code><div></code>元素会得到新的内容：</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<div class="line n2">2</div>
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<div class="line n3">3</div>
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<div class="line n4">4</div>
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<div class="line n5">5</div>
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<div class="line n6">6</div>
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<div class="line n7">7</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"container"</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">h2</span>></span>Greetings<span class="tag"></<span class="title">h2</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>Test<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"inner"</span>></span>Hello<span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>Test<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"inner"</span>></span>Goodbye<span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>你也可以在页面上选择一个元素然后插在另一个元素前面：</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter javascript nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">'.container'</span>).before($(<span class="string">'h2'</span>));</code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>如果一个被选中的元素被插入到另外一个地方，这是移动而不是复制：</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<div class="line n2">2</div>
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<div class="line n3">3</div>
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<div class="line n4">4</div>
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<div class="line n5">5</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">h2</span>></span>Greetings<span class="tag"></<span class="title">h2</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"container"</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"inner"</span>></span>Hello<span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">div</span> <span class="attribute">class</span>=<span class="value">"inner"</span>></span>Goodbye<span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">div</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>如果有多个目标元素，内容将被复制然后按顺序插入到每个目标里面。</p>
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<p>在jQuery 1.4中, <code>.before()</code>和<code>.after()</code>同样对脱离文档的DOM节点（注：脱离文档的DOM节点，即，可能时javascript动态创建的，还没被插入到html文档中）有效：
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</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter javascript nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">"<div/>"</span>).before(<span class="string">"<p></p>"</span>);</code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>结果是一个jQuery集合包含一个段落和一个 div（按此顺序）。</p>
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<h4 id="additional-arguments">Additional Arguments（额外的参数）</h4>
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<p>
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类似的其他内容的添加方法 如<code><a href="/prepend">.prepend()</a></code> 和 <code><a href="/after">.after()</a></code> ,<code>.before()</code>还支持传递输入多个参数。支持的输入包括DOM元素，jQuery对象，HTML字符串，DOM元素的数组。</p>
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<p>例如，下面将插入两个新的<div<和现有的<div<到 第一个段落：</p>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter javascript nogutter">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<div class="line n2">2</div>
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<div class="line n3">3</div>
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<div class="line n4">4</div>
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<div class="line n5">5</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="keyword">var</span> $newdiv1 = $(<span class="string">'<div id="object1"/>'</span>),</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> newdiv2 = document.createElement(<span class="string">'div'</span>),</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> existingdiv1 = document.getElementById(<span class="string">'foo'</span>);</code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code>$(<span class="string">'p'</span>).first().before($newdiv1, [newdiv2, existingdiv1]);</code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<p>
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<code>.before()</code> 可以接受任何数量的额外的参数，所以上面的例子中，也可以将三个独立的 <div> 分别作为参数传给该方法，就像这样<code>$('p').first().before($newdiv1, newdiv2, existingdiv1)</code>。参数的类型和数量
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将在很大程度上取决于在代码中被收集的元素。
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</p>
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</div>
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<section class="entry-examples" id="entry-examples"><header><h2 class="underline">例子:</h2></header><div class="entry-example" id="example-0">
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<h4>Example: <span class="desc">在所有段落前插入一些HTML。</span>
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</h4>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<div class="line n2">2</div>
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<div class="line n3">3</div>
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<div class="line n4">4</div>
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<div class="line n5">5</div>
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<div class="line n6">6</div>
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<div class="line n7">7</div>
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<div class="line n8">8</div>
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<div class="line n9">9</div>
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<div class="line n10">10</div>
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<div class="line n12">12</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype"><!DOCTYPE html></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">style</span>></span><span class="css"><span class="tag">p</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">background</span>:<span class="value">yellow;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">style</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span> is what I said...<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span>></span><span class="javascript">$(<span class="string">"p"</span>).before(<span class="string">"<b>Hello</b>"</span>);</span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h4>Demo:</h4>
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<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
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</div>
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<div class="entry-example" id="example-1">
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<h4>Example: <span class="desc">在所有段落前插入一个DOM元素。</span>
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</h4>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<div class="line n2">2</div>
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<div class="line n3">3</div>
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<div class="line n4">4</div>
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<div class="line n5">5</div>
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<div class="line n6">6</div>
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<div class="line n7">7</div>
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<div class="line n8">8</div>
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<div class="line n9">9</div>
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<div class="line n10">10</div>
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<div class="line n11">11</div>
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<div class="line n12">12</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype"><!DOCTYPE html></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">style</span>></span><span class="css"><span class="tag">p</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">background</span>:<span class="value">yellow;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">style</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span> is what I said...<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span>></span><span class="javascript">$(<span class="string">"p"</span>).before( document.createTextNode(<span class="string">"Hello"</span>) );</span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h4>Demo:</h4>
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<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
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</div>
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<div class="entry-example" id="example-2">
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<h4>Example: <span class="desc">在所有段落前插入一个jQuery对象（类似于一个DOM元素数组）。</span>
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</h4>
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<div class="syntaxhighlighter xml ">
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="gutter">
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<div class="line n1">1</div>
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<div class="line n2">2</div>
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<div class="line n3">3</div>
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<div class="line n4">4</div>
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<div class="line n5">5</div>
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<div class="line n6">6</div>
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<div class="line n7">7</div>
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<div class="line n8">8</div>
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<div class="line n9">9</div>
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<div class="line n10">10</div>
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<div class="line n12">12</div>
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</td>
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<td class="code">
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<pre><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="doctype"><!DOCTYPE html></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">style</span>></span><span class="css"><span class="tag">p</span> <span class="rules">{ <span class="rule"><span class="attribute">background</span>:<span class="value">yellow;</span></span> <span class="rule">}</span></span></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">style</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">"https://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"</span>></span><span class="javascript"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">head</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span> is what I said...<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="title">b</span>></span>Hello<span class="tag"></<span class="title">b</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"><<span class="title">script</span>></span><span class="javascript">$(<span class="string">"p"</span>).before( $(<span class="string">"b"</span>) );</span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">script</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code> </code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">body</span>></span></code></div></div><div class="container"><div class="line"><code><span class="tag"></<span class="title">html</span>></span></code></div></div></pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h4>Demo:</h4>
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<div class="demo code-demo"></div>
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</div></section>
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</div></article> </div>
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</article> |