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<h1 id="lastb">lastb</h1>
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<p>列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息</p>
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<h2 id="补充说明">补充说明</h2>
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<p><strong>lastb命令</strong> 用于显示用户错误的登录列表,此指令可以发现系统的登录异常。单独执行lastb命令,它会读取位于<code>/var/log</code>目录下,名称为btmp的文件,并把该文件内容记录的登入失败的用户名单,全部显示出来。</p>
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<h3 id="语法">语法</h3>
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<pre><code>lastb(选项)(参数)</code></pre>
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<h3 id="选项">选项</h3>
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<pre><code>-a:把从何处登入系统的主机名称或ip地址显示在最后一行;
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-d:将IP地址转换成主机名称;
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-f<记录文件>:指定记录文件;
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-n<显示列数>或-<显示列数>:设置列出名单的显示列数;
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-R:不显示登入系统的主机名称或IP地址;
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-x:显示系统关机,重新开机,以及执行等级的改变等信息。</code></pre>
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<h3 id="参数">参数</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>用户名:显示中的用户的登录列表;</li>
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<li>终端:显示从指定终端的登录列表。</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="实例">实例</h3>
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<p>首次运行lastb命令会报下的错误:</p>
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<pre><code>lastb: /var/log/btmp: No such file or directory
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Perhaps this file was removed by the operator to prevent logging lastb info.</code></pre>
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<p>只需建立这个不存在的文件即可。</p>
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<pre><code>touch /var/log/btmp</code></pre>
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<p>使用ssh的登录失败不会记录在btmp文件中。</p>
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<pre><code>lastb | head
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root ssh:notty 110.84.129.3 Tue Dec 17 06:19 - 06:19 (00:00)
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root ssh:notty 110.84.129.3 Tue Dec 17 04:05 - 04:05 (00:00)
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root ssh:notty 110.84.129.3 Tue Dec 17 01:52 - 01:52 (00:00)
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root ssh:notty 110.84.129.3 Mon Dec 16 23:38 - 23:38 (00:00)
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leonob ssh:notty 222.211.85.18 Mon Dec 16 22:18 - 22:18 (00:00)
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leonob ssh:notty 222.211.85.18 Mon Dec 16 22:18 - 22:18 (00:00)
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root ssh:notty 110.84.129.3 Mon Dec 16 21:25 - 21:25 (00:00)
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root ssh:notty 110.84.129.3 Mon Dec 16 19:12 - 19:12 (00:00)
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root ssh:notty 110.84.129.3 Mon Dec 16 17:00 - 17:00 (00:00)
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admin ssh:notty 129.171.193.99 Mon Dec 16 16:52 - 16:52 (00:00)</code></pre>
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<!-- Linux命令行搜索引擎:https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/ -->
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