uTools-Manuals/docs/python/grp.html

<div class="body" role="main"><div class="section" id="module-grp"><h1><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-10">35.4. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-grp" title="grp: The group database (getgrnam() and friends). (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">grp</span></code></a>  - 组数据库</span></h1><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-11">此模块提供对Unix组数据库的访问。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-12">它在所有Unix版本上可用。</span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-13">组数据库条目被报告为类元组对象，其属性对应于<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">group</span></code>结构的成员（下面的属性字段，参见<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;pwd.h&gt;</span></code>）：</span></p><table border="1" class="docutils"><thead valign="bottom"><tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-14">指数</span></th><th class="head"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-15">属性</span></th><th class="head"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-16">含义</span></th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-17">0</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-18">gr_name</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-19">组的名称</span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-20">1</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-21">gr_passwd</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-22">（加密）组密码；经常空</span></td></tr><tr class="row-even"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-23">2</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-24">gr_gid</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-25">数字组ID</span></td></tr><tr class="row-odd"><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-26">3</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-27">gr_mem</span></td><td><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-28">所有组成员的用户名</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-29">gid是一个整数，名称和密码是字符串，成员列表是一个字符串列表。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-30">（请注意，大多数用户没有根据密码数据库显式列为他们所在组的成员。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-31">检查这两个数据库以获取完整的成员资格信息。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-32">另请注意，以<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">+</span></code>或<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-</span></code>开头的<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">gr_name</span></code>可能是YP / NIS参考，可能无法通过<a class="reference internal" href="#grp.getgrnam" title="grp.getgrnam"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">getgrnam()</span></code></a>或<a class="reference internal" href="#grp.getgrgid" title="grp.getgrgid"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">getgrgid()</span></code></a>。）</span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-33">它定义以下项目：</span></p><dl class="function"><dt id="grp.getgrgid"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-34"> <code class="descclassname">grp.</code><code class="descname">getgrgid</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>gid</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-35">返回给定数字组ID的组数据库条目。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-36">如果无法找到要求的条目，则会引发<a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">KeyError</span></code></a>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="grp.getgrnam"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-37"> <code class="descclassname">grp.</code><code class="descname">getgrnam</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-38">返回给定组名的组数据库条目。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-39">如果无法找到要求的条目，则会引发<a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">KeyError</span></code></a>。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="grp.getgrall"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-40"> <code class="descclassname">grp.</code><code class="descname">getgrall</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-41">以任意顺序返回所有可用组条目的列表。</span></p></dd></dl><div class="admonition seealso"><p class="first admonition-title"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-42">也可以看看</span></p><dl class="last docutils"><dt><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-43">模块<a class="reference internal" href="pwd.html#module-pwd" title="pwd: The password database (getpwnam() and friends). (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">pwd</span></code></a></span></dt><dd><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-44">与用户数据库的接口，类似于此。</span></dd><dt><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-45">模块<a class="reference internal" href="spwd.html#module-spwd" title="spwd: The shadow password database (getspnam() and friends). (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">spwd</span></code></a></span></dt><dd><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-46">一个到shadow密码数据库的接口，类似这样。</span></dd></dl></div></div></div>