uTools-Manuals/docs/python/numeric.html

<div class="body" role="main"><div class="section" id="numeric-and-mathematical-modules"><h1><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-9">9.</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-10">数字和数学模块</span></h1><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-11">在这一章中描述的模块提供数字和数学相关的函数和数据类型。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-12"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#module-numbers" title="numbers: Numeric abstract base classes (Complex, Real, Integral, etc.)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">numbers</span></code></a> 模块定义了一个抽象的层次结构的数值类型。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-13"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#module-math" title="math: Mathematical functions (sin() etc.)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">math</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#module-cmath" title="cmath: Mathematical functions for complex numbers."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">cmath</span></code></a> 模块包含各种数学函数的浮点和复杂的数字。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-14"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#module-decimal" title="decimal: Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">decimal</span></code></a> 模块支持使用任意精度运算的十进制数字的准确再现。</span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-15">在这一章记录了以下几个模块︰</span></p><div class="toctree-wrapper compound"><ul><li class="toctree-l1"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-20"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html">9.1. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">numbers</span></code> —  数字抽象基类</a></span><ul><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-16"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#the-numeric-tower">9.1.1.数字塔</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-19"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#notes-for-type-implementors">9.1.2.类型实现器注释</a></span><ul><li class="toctree-l3"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-17"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#adding-more-numeric-abcs">9.1.2.1.添加更多数值ABC</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l3"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-18"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#implementing-the-arithmetic-operations">9.1.2.2.实现算术运算</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="toctree-l1"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-28"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html">9.2. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">math</span></code>  - 数学函数</a></span><ul><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-21"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#number-theoretic-and-representation-functions">9.2.1.数理论和表示函数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-22"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#power-and-logarithmic-functions">9.2.2.功率和对数函数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-23"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#trigonometric-functions">9.2.3.三角函数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-24"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#angular-conversion">9.2.4.角度转换</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-25"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#hyperbolic-functions">9.2.5.双曲函数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-26"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#special-functions">9.2.6.特殊功能</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-27"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#constants">9.2.7.常数</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="toctree-l1"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-35"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html">9.3. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cmath</span></code>  - 复数的数学函数</a></span><ul><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-29"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#conversions-to-and-from-polar-coordinates">9.3.1.极坐标转换</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-30"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#power-and-logarithmic-functions">9.3.2.功率和对数函数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-31"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#trigonometric-functions">9.3.3.三角函数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-32"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#hyperbolic-functions">9.3.4.双曲函数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-33"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#classification-functions">9.3.5.分类函数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-34"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#constants">9.3.6.常数</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="toctree-l1"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-49"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html">9.4. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">decimal</span></code>  - 十进制定点和浮点算术</a></span><ul><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-36"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#quick-start-tutorial">9.4.1.快速入门教程</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-38"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#decimal-objects">9.4.2.小数对象</a></span><ul><li class="toctree-l3"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-37"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#logical-operands">9.4.2.1.逻辑运算元</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-39"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#context-objects">9.4.3.上下文对象</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-40"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#constants">9.4.4.常数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-41"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#rounding-modes">9.4.5.舍入模式</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-42"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#signals">9.4.6.信号</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-45"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#floating-point-notes">9.4.7.浮点备注</a></span><ul><li class="toctree-l3"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-43"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#mitigating-round-off-error-with-increased-precision">9.4.7.1.通过提高精度减少舍入误差</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l3"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-44"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#special-values">9.4.7.2.特殊值</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-46"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#working-with-threads">9.4.8.使用线程</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-47"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#recipes">9.4.9.食谱</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-48"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#decimal-faq">9.4.10.十进制常见问题</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="toctree-l1"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-50"><a class="reference internal" href="fractions.html">9.5. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fractions</span></code>  - 理性数</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l1"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-53"><a class="reference internal" href="random.html">9.6. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">random</span></code>  - 生成伪随机数字</a></span><ul><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-51"><a class="reference internal" href="random.html#notes-on-reproducibility">9.6.1.重现性说明</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-52"><a class="reference internal" href="random.html#examples-and-recipes">9.6.2.示例和配方</a></span></li></ul></li><li class="toctree-l1"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-58"><a class="reference internal" href="statistics.html">9.7. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">statistics</span></code>  - 数学统计函数</a></span><ul><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-54"><a class="reference internal" href="statistics.html#averages-and-measures-of-central-location">9.7.1.中心位置的平均值和度量</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-55"><a class="reference internal" href="statistics.html#measures-of-spread">9.7.2.扩散措施</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-56"><a class="reference internal" href="statistics.html#function-details">9.7.3.函数详细信息</a></span></li><li class="toctree-l2"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-57"><a class="reference internal" href="statistics.html#exceptions">9.7.4.例外</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div>