uTools-Manuals/docs/python/getpass.html

<div class="body" role="main"><div class="section" id="module-getpass"><h1><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-10">16.9. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-getpass" title="getpass: Portable reading of passwords and retrieval of the userid."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">getpass</span></code></a>  - 便携式密码输入</span></h1><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-11"><strong>源代码：</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/3.5/Lib/getpass.py">Lib / getpass.py</a></span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-12"><a class="reference internal" href="#module-getpass" title="getpass: Portable reading of passwords and retrieval of the userid."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">getpass</span></code></a>模块提供两个功能</span></p><dl class="function"><dt id="getpass.getpass"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-13"> <code class="descclassname">getpass.</code><code class="descname">getpass</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>prompt='Password: '</em>, <em>stream=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-14">提示用户输入密码，而不回显。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-15">将使用字符串<em>提示</em>提示用户，其默认为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">“密码：</span> <span class="pre">'</span></code>。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-16">在Unix上，如果需要，使用replace错误处理程序将提示写入类似文件的对象<em>stream</em>。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-17"><em>stream</em>默认为控制终端（<code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">/dev/tty</span></code>）或<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stderr</span></code>不可用（在Windows上忽略此参数） 。</span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-18">如果无回显输入不可用，getpass()回到向<em>stream</em>打印警告消息并从<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stdin</span></code>读取并发出<a class="reference internal" href="#getpass.GetPassWarning" title="getpass.GetPassWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">GetPassWarning</span></code></a>。</span></p><div class="admonition note"><p class="first admonition-title"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-19">注意</span></p><p class="last"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-20">如果在IDLE中调用getpass，则输入可以在启动IDLE的终端中完成，而不是IDLE窗口本身。</span></p></div></dd></dl><dl class="exception"><dt id="getpass.GetPassWarning"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-21"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">getpass.</code><code class="descname">GetPassWarning</code></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-22">当密码输入可能被回显时，发出<a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#UserWarning" title="UserWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">UserWarning</span></code></a>子类。</span></p></dd></dl><dl class="function"><dt id="getpass.getuser"><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-23"> <code class="descclassname">getpass.</code><code class="descname">getuser</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-24">返回用户的“登录名”。</span></p><p><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-25">这个函数依次将检查<span class="target" id="index-0"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal"><span class="pre">LOGNAME</span></code>, <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal"><span class="pre">USER</span></code>, <span class="target" id="index-2"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal"><span class="pre">LNAME</span></code>和<span class="target" id="index-3"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal"><span class="pre">USERNAME</span></code>环境变量，然后返回检测到的第一个非空字符串。</span><span class="yiyi-st" id="yiyi-26">如果没有设置，则在支持<a class="reference internal" href="pwd.html#module-pwd" title="pwd: The password database (getpwnam() and friends). (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">pwd</span></code></a>模块的系统上返回密码数据库中的登录名，否则会引发异常。</span></p></dd></dl></div></div>