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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>新建一个数组</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.array" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">array</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">array</span> — <span class="dc-title">
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新建一个数组
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</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.array-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>array</strong></span>
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([ <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.pseudo-types.html#language.types.mixed" class="type mixed">mixed</a></span> <code class="parameter">$...</code></span>
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] ) : <span class="type">array</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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创建一个数组。关于数组是什么的信息请阅读<a href="language.types.array.html" class="link">数组</a>一节。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.array-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">...</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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语法“index => values”，用逗号分开，定义了索引和值。索引可以是字符串或数字。如果省略了索引，会自动产生从
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0 开始的整数索引。如果索引是整数，则下一个产生的索引将是目前最大的整数索引
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+ 1。注意如果定义了两个完全一样的索引，则后面一个会覆盖前一个。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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在最后一个定义的数组项目之后加一个逗号虽然不常见，却是合法的语法。
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.array-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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返回根据参数建立的数组。参数可以用 <em>=></em>
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运算符给出索引。关于数组是什么的信息请阅读<a href="language.types.array.html" class="link">数组</a>一节。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.array-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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下面的例子演示了怎样建立一个二维数组，怎样给相应的数组指定键名，以及怎样在普通数组中略过和继续数字索引。
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<div class="example" id="example-6083">
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<p><strong>Example #1 <span class="function"><strong>array()</strong></span> 例子</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$fruits </span><span style="color: #007700">= array (<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"fruits" </span><span style="color: #007700">=> array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"a" </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"orange"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"b" </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"banana"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"c" </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"apple"</span><span style="color: #007700">),<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"numbers" </span><span style="color: #007700">=> array(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">2</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">3</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">4</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">5</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">6</span><span style="color: #007700">),<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"holes" </span><span style="color: #007700">=> array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"first"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">5 </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"second"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"third"</span><span style="color: #007700">)<br />);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-6084">
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<p><strong>Example #2 <span class="function"><strong>array()</strong></span> 的自动索引</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$array </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">8 </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">4 </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">19</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">3 </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">13</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$array</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>以上例程会输出：</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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Array
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(
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[0] => 1
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[1] => 1
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[2] => 1
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[3] => 13
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[4] => 1
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[8] => 1
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[9] => 19
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)
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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注意索引 3 被定义了两次，保留了最后的值 13。索引 4 在 索引
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8 之后定义，下一个自动生成的索引（值为 19 那个）为 9，因为最大的索引是 8。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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本例建立了从 1 开始的数组。
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<div class="example" id="example-6085">
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<p><strong>Example #3 从 1 开始索引的 <span class="function"><strong>array()</strong></span></strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$firstquarter </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">1 </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'January'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'February'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'March'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$firstquarter</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>以上例程会输出：</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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Array
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(
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[1] => January
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[2] => February
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[3] => March
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)
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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在 Perl 中，可以访问在双引号内的数组的值。但在 PHP
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中需要将数组用花括号括起来。
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<div class="example" id="example-6086">
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<p><strong>Example #4 访问双引号内的数组</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /><br />$foo </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'bar' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'baz'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Hello </span><span style="color: #007700">{</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$foo</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'bar'</span><span style="color: #007700">]}</span><span style="color: #DD0000">!"</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Hello baz!<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.array-notes">
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<h3 class="title">注释</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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<span class="function"><strong>array()</strong></span> 是一个语言结构，用于字面上表示数组，不是常规的函数。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.array-seealso">
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<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="array_pad.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">array_pad()</a> - 以指定长度将一个值填充进数组</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="list.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">list()</a> - 把数组中的值赋给一组变量</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="count.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">count()</a> - 计算数组中的单元数目，或对象中的属性个数</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="range.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">range()</a> - 根据范围创建数组，包含指定的元素</span></li>
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<li class="member"><a href="control_structures.foreach.html" class="link">foreach</a></li>
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<li class="member">The <a href="language.types.array.html" class="link">array</a> type</li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div></div></div></body></html> |