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550 lines
25 KiB
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>获取指定主机的DNS记录</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.dns-get-record" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">dns_get_record</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">dns_get_record</span> — <span class="dc-title">获取指定主机的DNS记录</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.dns-get-record-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>dns_get_record</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$hostname</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter">$type</code><span class="initializer"> = DNS_ANY</span></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">array</span> <code class="parameter reference">&$authns</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">array</span> <code class="parameter reference">&$addtl</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">bool</span> <code class="parameter reference">&$raw</code><span class="initializer"> = false</span></span>
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]]]] ) : <span class="type">array</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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获取指定主机（<code class="parameter">hostname</code>）的DNS记录。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.dns-get-record-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">hostname</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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主机名（<code class="parameter">hostname</code>）应该是一个DNS解析生效的域名，例如“<em>www.example.com</em>”。主机名也可以是通过对逆向解析域做DNS逆向域名解析而得到，但是在大多数情况下<span class="function"><a href="gethostbyaddr.html" class="function">gethostbyaddr()</a></span>更加适合做逆向域名解析。
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</p>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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每个DNS标准，邮件地址必须是<em>user.host</em>这样的格式（例如<em>hostmaster.example.com</em>而不是<em>hostmaster@example.com</em>），在使用<span class="function"><a href="mail.html" class="function">mail()</a></span>这个函数之前请检查这个值，有必要的话还需要修改。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">type</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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默认情况下，<span class="function"><strong>dns_get_record()</strong></span>将会搜索所有与<code class="parameter">hostname</code>相关的记录，可以通过设置<code class="parameter">type</code>来限定查询。<code class="parameter">type</code>的值可以是下面的其中的任何一个： <strong><code>DNS_A</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_CNAME</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_HINFO</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_MX</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_NS</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_PTR</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_SOA</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_TXT</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_AAAA</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_SRV</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_NAPTR</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_A6</code></strong>，<strong><code>DNS_ALL</code></strong>或者<strong><code>DNS_ANY</code></strong>。
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</p>
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<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
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<p class="para">
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由于dns在各个平台上表现有些不一样，<strong><code>DNS_ANY</code></strong>不会总是返回所有的记录，<strong><code>DNS_ALL</code></strong>虽然慢一些，但是会得到所有的记录，所以使用DNS_ALL更加可靠些。
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</p>
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</p></blockquote>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">authns</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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以引用方式传递，如果写了该参数，那么将会得到该解析记录的DNS服务器（<em class="emphasis">Authoritative Name Servers</em>）的信息。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">addtl</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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以引用方式传递，如果填写了该参数，将会得到<em class="emphasis">其他所有的DNS解析记录</em>。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">raw</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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在原生模式下，在进行额外的查询的时候之前我们只执行请求的DNS类型，而不是循环查询所有的类型。
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.dns-get-record-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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这个函数返回一个关联数组，如果失败则 或者在失败时返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>。每个关联数组都至少包含了以下的这些键。
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<em class="emphasis">at minimum</em> the following keys:
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<table class="doctable table">
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<caption><strong>Basic DNS attributes</strong></caption>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Attribute</th>
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<th>Meaning</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody class="tbody">
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<tr>
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<td>host</td>
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<td>
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The record in the DNS namespace to which the rest of the associated data refers.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>class</td>
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<td>
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<span class="function"><strong>dns_get_record()</strong></span> only returns Internet class records and as
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such this parameter will always return <em>IN</em>.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>type</td>
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<td>
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String containing the record type. Additional attributes will also be contained
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in the resulting array dependant on the value of type. See table below.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>ttl</td>
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<td>
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<em>"Time To Live"</em> remaining for this record. This will <em class="emphasis">not</em> equal
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the record's original ttl, but will rather equal the original ttl minus whatever
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length of time has passed since the authoritative name server was queried.
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<table class="doctable table">
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<caption><strong>Other keys in associative arrays dependant on 'type'</strong></caption>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Type</th>
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<th>Extra Columns</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody class="tbody">
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<tr>
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<td><em>A</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>ip</em>: An IPv4 addresses in dotted decimal notation.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>MX</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>pri</em>: Priority of mail exchanger.
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Lower numbers indicate greater priority.
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<em>target</em>: FQDN of the mail exchanger.
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See also <span class="function"><a href="dns_get_mx.html" class="function">dns_get_mx()</a></span>.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>CNAME</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>target</em>: FQDN of location in DNS namespace to which
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the record is aliased.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>NS</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>target</em>: FQDN of the name server which is authoritative
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for this hostname.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>PTR</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>target</em>: Location within the DNS namespace to which
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this record points.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>TXT</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>txt</em>: Arbitrary string data associated with this record.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>HINFO</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>cpu</em>: IANA number designating the CPU of the machine
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referenced by this record.
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<em>os</em>: IANA number designating the Operating System on
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the machine referenced by this record.
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See IANA's <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/operating-system-names" class="link external">» <em>Operating System
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Names</em></a> for the meaning of these values.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>SOA</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>mname</em>: FQDN of the machine from which the resource
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records originated.
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<em>rname</em>: Email address of the administrative contain
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for this domain.
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<em>serial</em>: Serial # of this revision of the requested
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domain.
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<em>refresh</em>: Refresh interval (seconds) secondary name
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servers should use when updating remote copies of this domain.
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<em>retry</em>: Length of time (seconds) to wait after a
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failed refresh before making a second attempt.
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<em>expire</em>: Maximum length of time (seconds) a secondary
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DNS server should retain remote copies of the zone data without a
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successful refresh before discarding.
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<em>minimum-ttl</em>: Minimum length of time (seconds) a
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client can continue to use a DNS resolution before it should request
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a new resolution from the server. Can be overridden by individual
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resource records.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>AAAA</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>ipv6</em>: IPv6 address
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>A6</em>(PHP >= 5.1.0)</td>
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<td>
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<em>masklen</em>: Length (in bits) to inherit from the target
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specified by <code class="parameter">chain</code>.
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<em>ipv6</em>: Address for this specific record to merge with
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<code class="parameter">chain</code>.
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<em>chain</em>: Parent record to merge with
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<code class="parameter">ipv6</code> data.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>SRV</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>pri</em>: (Priority) lowest priorities should be used first.
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<em>weight</em>: Ranking to weight which of commonly prioritized
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<code class="parameter">targets</code> should be chosen at random.
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<em>target</em> and <em>port</em>: hostname and port
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where the requested service can be found.
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For additional information see: <a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2782" class="link external">» RFC 2782</a>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>NAPTR</em></td>
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<td>
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<em>order</em> and <em>pref</em>: Equivalent to
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<code class="parameter">pri</code> and <code class="parameter">weight</code> above.
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<em>flags</em>, <em>services</em>, <em>regex</em>,
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and <em>replacement</em>: Parameters as defined by
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<a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2915" class="link external">» RFC 2915</a>.
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 changelog" id="refsect1-function.dns-get-record-changelog">
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<h3 class="title">更新日志</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<table class="doctable informaltable">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>版本</th>
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<th>说明</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody class="tbody">
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<tr>
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<td>5.4.0</td>
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<td>
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增加了参数<code class="parameter">raw</code>。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>5.3.0</td>
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<td>
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可以是在windows平台上使用这个函数了。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>5.3.0</td>
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<td>
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在此版本之前，如果给参数<code class="parameter">authns</code>传入值，则必须同时传入<code class="parameter">addtl</code>的值。
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.dns-get-record-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-5480">
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<p><strong>Example #1 使用 <span class="function"><strong>dns_get_record()</strong></span>函数</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$result </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">dns_get_record</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"php.net"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>以上例程的输出类似于：</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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Array
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(
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[0] => Array
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(
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[host] => php.net
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[type] => MX
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[pri] => 5
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[target] => pair2.php.net
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[class] => IN
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[ttl] => 6765
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)
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[1] => Array
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(
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[host] => php.net
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[type] => A
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[ip] => 64.246.30.37
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[class] => IN
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[ttl] => 8125
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)
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)
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="example" id="example-5481">
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<p><strong>Example #2 使用<span class="function"><strong>dns_get_record()</strong></span>配合DNS_ANY的例子</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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由于我们经常会想获取一个邮件服务器的对应的IP地址的MX记录是否已经生效。在使用<span class="function"><strong>dns_get_record()</strong></span>函数之后，<code class="parameter">addtl</code>能够返回一个相关的数组记录，<code class="parameter">authns</code>参数则会返回授权服务器的列表信息。
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* Request "ANY" record for php.net,<br /> and create $authns and $addtl arrays<br /> containing list of name servers and<br /> any additional records which go with<br /> them */<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">dns_get_record</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"php.net"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">DNS_ANY</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$authns</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$addtl</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Result = "</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Auth NS = "</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$authns</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Additional = "</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$addtl</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>以上例程的输出类似于：</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents screen">
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<div class="cdata"><pre>
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Result = Array
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(
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[0] => Array
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(
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[host] => php.net
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[type] => MX
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[pri] => 5
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[target] => pair2.php.net
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[class] => IN
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[ttl] => 6765
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)
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[1] => Array
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(
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[host] => php.net
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[type] => A
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||
[ip] => 64.246.30.37
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[class] => IN
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[ttl] => 8125
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)
|
||
|
||
)
|
||
Auth NS = Array
|
||
(
|
||
[0] => Array
|
||
(
|
||
[host] => php.net
|
||
[type] => NS
|
||
[target] => remote1.easydns.com
|
||
[class] => IN
|
||
[ttl] => 10722
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
[1] => Array
|
||
(
|
||
[host] => php.net
|
||
[type] => NS
|
||
[target] => remote2.easydns.com
|
||
[class] => IN
|
||
[ttl] => 10722
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
[2] => Array
|
||
(
|
||
[host] => php.net
|
||
[type] => NS
|
||
[target] => ns1.easydns.com
|
||
[class] => IN
|
||
[ttl] => 10722
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
[3] => Array
|
||
(
|
||
[host] => php.net
|
||
[type] => NS
|
||
[target] => ns2.easydns.com
|
||
[class] => IN
|
||
[ttl] => 10722
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
)
|
||
Additional = Array
|
||
(
|
||
[0] => Array
|
||
(
|
||
[host] => pair2.php.net
|
||
[type] => A
|
||
[ip] => 216.92.131.5
|
||
[class] => IN
|
||
[ttl] => 6766
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
[1] => Array
|
||
(
|
||
[host] => remote1.easydns.com
|
||
[type] => A
|
||
[ip] => 64.39.29.212
|
||
[class] => IN
|
||
[ttl] => 100384
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
[2] => Array
|
||
(
|
||
[host] => remote2.easydns.com
|
||
[type] => A
|
||
[ip] => 212.100.224.80
|
||
[class] => IN
|
||
[ttl] => 81241
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
[3] => Array
|
||
(
|
||
[host] => ns1.easydns.com
|
||
[type] => A
|
||
[ip] => 216.220.40.243
|
||
[class] => IN
|
||
[ttl] => 81241
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
[4] => Array
|
||
(
|
||
[host] => ns2.easydns.com
|
||
[type] => A
|
||
[ip] => 216.220.40.244
|
||
[class] => IN
|
||
[ttl] => 81241
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
)
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.dns-get-record-notes">
|
||
<h3 class="title">注释</h3>
|
||
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
For compatibility with versions before PHP 5.3.0 on some operating systems,
|
||
try the <a href="http://pear.php.net/" class="link external">» PEAR</a> class
|
||
<a href="http://pear.php.net/package/Net_DNS" class="link external">» Net_DNS</a>.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</p></blockquote>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.dns-get-record-seealso">
|
||
<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
<ul class="simplelist">
|
||
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="dns_get_mx.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">dns_get_mx()</a> - 别名 getmxrr</span></li>
|
||
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="dns_check_record.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">dns_check_record()</a> - 别名 checkdnsrr</span></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div></div></div></body></html> |