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167 lines
13 KiB
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>发送一条 MySQL 查询</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.mysql-query" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">mysql_query</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">mysql_query</span> — <span class="dc-title">发送一条 MySQL 查询</span></p>
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</div>
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<div id="function.mysql-query-refsynopsisdiv">
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<div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warning</strong>
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<p class="para">本扩展自 PHP 5.5.0
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起已废弃，并在自 PHP 7.0.0 开始被移除。应使用 <a href="book.mysqli.html" class="link">MySQLi</a>
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或 <a href="ref.pdo_mysql.html" class="link">PDO_MySQL</a> 扩展来替换之。参见
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<a href="mysqlinfo.api.choosing.html" class="link">MySQL：选择 API</a> 指南以及<a href="faq.databases.html#faq.databases.mysql.deprecated" class="link">相关 FAQ</a> 来获取更多信息。用以替代本函数的有：</p>
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="mysqli.query.html" class="function">mysqli_query()</a></span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="methodname"><a href="pdo.query.html" class="methodname">PDO::query()</a></span></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.mysql-query-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>mysql_query</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$query</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">resource</span> <code class="parameter">$link_identifier</code><span class="initializer"> = NULL</span></span>
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] ) : <span class="type">resource</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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<span class="function"><strong>mysql_query()</strong></span>
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向与指定的 <code class="parameter">link_identifier</code> 关联的服务器中的当前活动数据库发送一条查询（不支持多条查询）。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.mysql-query-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">query</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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SQL 查询语句
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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查询字符串不应以分号结束。
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查询中被嵌入的数据应该<a href="mysql_real_escape_string.html" class="link">正确地转义</a>。
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">
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link_identifier</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">MySQL
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连接。如不指定连接标识，则使用由 <span class="function"><a href="mysql_connect.html" class="function">mysql_connect()</a></span>
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最近打开的连接。如果没有找到该连接，会尝试不带参数调用
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<span class="function"><a href="mysql_connect.html" class="function">mysql_connect()</a></span>
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来创建。如没有找到连接或无法建立连接，则会生成
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<strong><code>E_WARNING</code></strong> 级别的错误。</p></dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.mysql-query-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<span class="function"><strong>mysql_query()</strong></span> 仅对
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SELECT，SHOW，DESCRIBE, EXPLAIN 和其他语句
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语句返回一个 <span class="type"><a href="language.types.resource.html" class="type resource">resource</a></span>，如果查询出现错误则返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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对于其它类型的 SQL
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语句，比如INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, DROP 之类， <span class="function"><strong>mysql_query()</strong></span>
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在执行成功时返回 <strong><code>TRUE</code></strong>，出错时返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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返回的结果资源应该传递给 <span class="function"><a href="mysql_fetch_array.html" class="function">mysql_fetch_array()</a></span> 和其他函数来处理结果表,取出返回的数据。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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假定查询成功，可以调用
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<span class="function"><a href="mysql_num_rows.html" class="function">mysql_num_rows()</a></span>
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来查看对应于 SELECT
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语句返回了多少行，或者调用
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<span class="function"><a href="mysql_affected_rows.html" class="function">mysql_affected_rows()</a></span>
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来查看对应于
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DELETE，INSERT，REPLACE 或 UPDATE
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语句影响到了多少行。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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如果没有权限访问查询语句中引用的表时，<span class="function"><strong>mysql_query()</strong></span>
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也会返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.mysql-query-examples">
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<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-2161">
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<p><strong>Example #1 无效的查询</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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以下查询语法上有错，因此
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<span class="function"><strong>mysql_query()</strong></span>
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失败并返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>。
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />$result </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">mysql_query</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SELECT * WHERE 1=1'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br /> die(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Invalid query: ' </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">mysql_error</span><span style="color: #007700">());<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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<div class="example" id="example-2162">
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<p><strong>Example #2 有效的查询</strong></p>
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<div class="example-contents"><p>
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以下查询语法正确，所以 <span class="function"><strong>mysql_query()</strong></span>
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返回了一个 <span class="type"><a href="language.types.resource.html" class="type resource">resource</a></span>。
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</p></div>
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<div class="example-contents">
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<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
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<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 这应该由用户提供,下面是一个示例<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$firstname </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'fred'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$lastname </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'fox'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 构造查询<br />// 这是执行 SQL 最好的方式<br />// 更多例子参见 mysql_real_escape_string()<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$query </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">sprintf</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"SELECT firstname, lastname, address, age FROM friends <br /> WHERE firstname='%s' AND lastname='%s'"</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">mysql_real_escape_string</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$firstname</span><span style="color: #007700">),<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">mysql_real_escape_string</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$lastname</span><span style="color: #007700">));<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 执行查询<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">mysql_query</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$query</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 检查结果<br />// 下面显示了实际发送给 MySQL 的查询，以及出现的错误。这对调试很有帮助。<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$message </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Invalid query: ' </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">mysql_error</span><span style="color: #007700">() . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$message </span><span style="color: #007700">.= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Whole query: ' </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$query</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /> die(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$message</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 结果的使用<br />// 尝试 print $result 并不会取出结果资源中的信息<br />// 所以必须至少使用其中一个 mysql 结果函数<br />// 参见 mysql_result(), mysql_fetch_array(), mysql_fetch_row() 等。<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">while (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">mysql_fetch_assoc</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result</span><span style="color: #007700">)) {<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'firstname'</span><span style="color: #007700">];<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'lastname'</span><span style="color: #007700">];<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'address'</span><span style="color: #007700">];<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'age'</span><span style="color: #007700">];<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 释放关联结果集的资源<br />// 在脚本结束的时候会自动进行<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">mysql_free_result</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$result</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
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</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.mysql-query-seealso">
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<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<ul class="simplelist">
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="mysql_connect.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">mysql_connect()</a> - 打开一个到 MySQL 服务器的连接</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="mysql_error.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">mysql_error()</a> - 返回上一个 MySQL 操作产生的文本错误信息</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="mysql_real_escape_string.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">mysql_real_escape_string()</a> - 转义 SQL 语句中使用的字符串中的特殊字符，并考虑到连接的当前字符集</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="mysql_result.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">mysql_result()</a> - 取得结果数据</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="mysql_fetch_assoc.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">mysql_fetch_assoc()</a> - 从结果集中取得一行作为关联数组</span></li>
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<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="mysql_unbuffered_query.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">mysql_unbuffered_query()</a> - 向 MySQL 发送一条 SQL 查询，并不获取和缓存结果的行</span></li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div></div></div></body></html> |