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598 lines
54 KiB
HTML
598 lines
54 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>根据区域设置格式化本地时间／日期</title>
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</head>
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<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
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<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.strftime" class="refentry">
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h1 class="refname">strftime</h1>
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<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">strftime</span> — <span class="dc-title">根据区域设置格式化本地时间／日期</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.strftime-description">
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<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
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<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
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<span class="methodname"><strong>strftime</strong></span>
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( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$format</code></span>
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[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter">$timestamp</code><span class="initializer"> = time()</span></span>
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] ) : <span class="type">string</span></div>
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<p class="para rdfs-comment">
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返回用给定的格式字串对给出的 <code class="parameter">timestamp</code>
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进行格式输出后的字符串。如果没有给出时间戳则用当前的本地时间。月份和星期几以及其它和语言有关的字符串写法和用
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<span class="function"><a href="setlocale.html" class="function">setlocale()</a></span> 设定的当前的区域有关。
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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可能不是所有的转换标记都被 C 库文件支持，这种情况下 PHP
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的 <span class="function"><strong>strftime()</strong></span>
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也不支持。此外，不是所有的平台都支持负的时间戳，因此日期的范围可能限定在不早于
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Unix 纪元。这意味着例如
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%e, %T，%R 和 %D（可能更多）以及早于
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<em>Jan 1, 1970</em> 的时间在 Windows，一些 Linux
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发行版本，以及其它几个操作系统中无效。对于 Windows
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系统，所支持的转换标记可在
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<a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/fe06s4ak.aspx" class="link external">» <acronym title="Microsoft Developer Network">MSDN</acronym> 网站</a>找到。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.strftime-parameters">
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<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
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<p class="para">
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">format</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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<table class="doctable table">
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<caption><strong>
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<code class="parameter">format</code> 里能够识别的格式字串有以下标记：</strong></caption>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th><code class="parameter">格式</code></th>
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<th>描述</th>
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<th>返回值示例</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody class="tbody">
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align: center;"><em class="emphasis">日</em></td>
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<td>---</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%a</em></td>
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<td>当前区域星期几的简写</td>
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<td><em>Sun</em> 到 <em>Sat</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%A</em></td>
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<td>当前区域星期几的全称</td>
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<td><em>Sunday</em> 到 <em>Saturday</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%d</em></td>
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<td>月份中的第几天，十进制数字（范围从 01 到 31）</td>
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<td><em>01</em> 到 <em>31</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%e</em></td>
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<td>
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月份中的第几天，十进制数字，一位的数字前会加上一个空格（范围从 ' 1' 到 '31'）
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在 Windows 上尚未按描述实现。更多信息见下方。
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</td>
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<td><em> 1</em> 到 <em>31</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%j</em></td>
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<td>年份中的第几天，带前导零的三位十进制数（范围从 001 到 366）</td>
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<td><em>001</em> 到 <em>366</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%u</em></td>
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<td>符合 ISO-8601 星期几的十进制数表达 [1,7]，1 表示星期一</td>
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<td><em>1</em> (星期一) 到 <em>7</em> (星期日)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%w</em></td>
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<td>星期中的第几天，星期天为 0</td>
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<td><em>0</em> (星期天) 到 <em>6</em> (星期六)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align: center;"><em class="emphasis">周</em></td>
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<td>---</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%U</em></td>
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<td>本年的第几周，从第一周的第一个星期天作为第一天开始</td>
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<td><em>13</em> (for the 13th full week of the year)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%V</em></td>
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<td>
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%V - 本年第几周的 ISO-8601:1988 格式，范围从 01 到 53，第
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1 周是本年第一个至少还有 4 天的星期，星期一作为每周的第一天。（用
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%G 或者 %g 作为指定时间戳相应周数的年份组成。）
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</td>
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<td><em>01</em> 到 <em>53</em> (where 53
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accounts for an overlapping week)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%W</em></td>
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<td>本年的第几周数，从第一周的第一个星期一作为第一天开始</td>
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<td><em>46</em> (for the 46th week of the year beginning
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with a Monday)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align: center;"><em class="emphasis">月</em></td>
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<td>---</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%b</em></td>
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<td>当前区域月份的简写</td>
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<td><em>Jan</em> 到 <em>Dec</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%B</em></td>
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<td>当前区域月份的全称</td>
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<td><em>January</em> 到 <em>December</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%h</em></td>
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<td>当前区域月份的简写（%b 的别名）</td>
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<td><em>Jan</em> 到 <em>Dec</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%m</em></td>
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<td>两位数的月份</td>
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<td><em>01</em> (是一月份) 到 <em>12</em> (是十二月份)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align: center;"><em class="emphasis">年</em></td>
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<td>---</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%C</em></td>
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<td>两位数显示世纪（年份除以 100，截成整数）</td>
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<td><em>19</em> 是 20 世纪</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%g</em></td>
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<td>
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2 位数的年份，符合 ISO-8601:1988 星期数（参见
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%V）。和 %V 的格式和值一样，只除了如果 ISO 星期数属于前一年或者后一年，则使用那一年。
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</td>
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<td>比如：2009年1月6日那一周是 <em>09</em>。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%G</em></td>
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<td>%g 的完整四位数版本</td>
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<td>比如：2009年1月3日那一周是 <em>2008</em>.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%y</em></td>
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<td>两位数显示年份</td>
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<td>比如： <em>09</em> 是 2009，<em>79</em> 是 1979</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%Y</em></td>
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<td>四位数显示年份</td>
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<td>比如： <em>2038</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align: center;"><em class="emphasis">时间</em></td>
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<td>---</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%H</em></td>
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<td>以 24 小时格式显示两位小时数</td>
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<td><em>00</em> 到 <em>23</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%I</em></td>
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<td>以 12 小时格式显示两位小时数</td>
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<td><em>01</em> 到 <em>12</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%l（'L' 的小写）</em></td>
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<td>以 12 小时格式显示小时数，单个数字前含空格</td>
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<td><em> 1</em> 到 <em>12</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%M</em></td>
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<td>两位的分钟数</td>
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<td><em>00</em> 到 <em>59</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%p</em></td>
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<td>指定时间的大写 “AM” 或 “PM”</td>
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<td>比如： 00:31 是 <em>AM</em> ，22:23 是<em>PM</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%P</em></td>
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<td>指定时间的小写 “am” 或 “pm”</td>
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<td>比如：00:31 是 <em>am</em> ，22:23 是<em>pm</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%r</em></td>
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<td>和 "%I:%M:%S %p" 一样</td>
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<td>比如： 21:34:17 是 <em>09:34:17 PM</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%R</em></td>
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<td>和 "%H:%M" 一样</td>
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<td>比如： 12:35 AM 是 <em>00:35</em>，4:44 PM 是 <em>16:44</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%S</em></td>
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<td>两位数字表示秒</td>
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<td><em>00</em> 到 <em>59</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%T</em></td>
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<td>和 "%H:%M:%S" 一样</td>
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<td>比如： 09:34:17 PM 是 <em>21:34:17</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%X</em></td>
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<td>当前区域首选的时间表示法，不包括日期</td>
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<td>例如： <em>03:59:16</em> 或 <em>15:59:16</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%z</em></td>
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<td>从 UTC 的时区偏移 或 简写（由操作系统决定）</td>
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<td>比如： 东部时间是 <em>-0500</em> 或 <em>EST</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%Z</em></td>
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<td>%z 没有给出的 UTC 的时区偏移 或 简写（由操作系统决定）</td>
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<td>比如： <em>-0500</em> 或 <em>EST</em> 是东部时间</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align: center;"><em class="emphasis">时间和日期戳</em></td>
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<td>---</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%c</em></td>
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<td>当前区域首选的日期时间表达</td>
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<td>比如： 2009 年 2 月 5 日上午 12:45:10 是 <em>Tue Feb 5 00:45:10 2009</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%D</em></td>
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<td>和 "%m/%d/%y" 一样</td>
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<td>比如： 2009 年 2 月 5 日是 <em>02/05/09</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%F</em></td>
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<td>Same as "%Y-%m-%d" (commonly used in database datestamps)</td>
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<td>比如：2009 年 2 月 5 日是 <em>2009-02-05</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%s</em></td>
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<td>Unix纪元的时间戳（和 <span class="function"><a href="time.html" class="function">time()</a></span> 函数一样）</td>
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<td>比如： 1979 年 9 月 10 日上午 8 点 40 分 00 秒是 <em>305815200</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%x</em></td>
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<td>当前区域首选的时间表示法，不包括时间</td>
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<td>比如： 2009 年 2 月 5 日是 <em>02/05/09</em></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align: center;"><em class="emphasis">其他</em></td>
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<td>---</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%n</em></td>
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<td>换行符("\n")</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%t</em></td>
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<td>Tab 字符("\t")</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><em>%%</em></td>
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<td>文字上的百分字符("%")</td>
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<td>---</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</p>
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<p class="para">
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这个参数的最大长度是 1023 个字符。
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</p>
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<div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warning</strong>
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<p class="simpara">
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尽管 ISO 9889:1999（当前的 C 标准）明确指出一周从星期一开始，但是
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Sun Solaris 的一周似乎从星期天开始并作为 1。所以 %u 的结果也许不会和手册里描述得一样。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warning</strong>
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<p class="simpara">
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<em class="emphasis">仅针对 Windows：</em>这个函数里 <em>%e</em>
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修饰符修饰符还不能支持 Windows。
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为了得到这个值可以用 <em>%#d</em> 修饰符来代替。下例说明了如何写一个跨平台支持的函数。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warning</strong>
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<p class="simpara">
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<em class="emphasis">仅针对 Mac OS X：</em>这个函数里 <em>%P</em> 修饰符还不能支持 Mac OS X。
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</p>
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</div>
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</dd>
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<dt>
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<code class="parameter">timestamp</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p class="para">
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可选的 <code class="parameter">timestamp</code> 参数是一个 <span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span> 的 Unix
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时间戳，如未指定，参数值默认为当前本地时间。也就是说，其值默认为
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<span class="function"><a href="time.html" class="function">time()</a></span> 的返回值。</p></dd>
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</dl>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.strftime-returnvalues">
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<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
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<p class="para">
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根据指定的 <code class="parameter">timestamp</code> 或未给出 timestamp 是使用当前本地时间，
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返回 <code class="parameter">format</code> 格式化的字符。
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月份、星期名和其他与语言相关的字符串遵守 <span class="function"><a href="setlocale.html" class="function">setlocale()</a></span> 设置的当前区域设置。
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsect1 errors" id="refsect1-function.strftime-errors">
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<h3 class="title">错误／异常</h3>
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<p class="para">
|
||
在每 次调用日期/时间函数时，如果时区无效则会引发 <strong><code>E_NOTICE</code></strong> 错误，如果使用系统设定值或 <var class="varname"><var class="varname">TZ</var></var>
|
||
环境变量，则会引发 <strong><code>E_STRICT</code></strong> 或 <strong><code>E_WARNING</code></strong> 消息。参见
|
||
<span class="function"><a href="date_default_timezone_set.html" class="function">date_default_timezone_set()</a></span>。</p>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
由于输出依赖于 C 库，所以一些转换标记并不被支持。
|
||
在 Windows 上，使用未知的转换标记将导致
|
||
5 <strong><code>E_WARNING</code></strong> 信息，并返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>。
|
||
|
||
在其他的操作系统上，你可能不能得到任何 <strong><code>E_WARNING</code></strong> 信息，
|
||
并且可能输出未经转换的转换标记。
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="refsect1 changelog" id="refsect1-function.strftime-changelog">
|
||
<h3 class="title">更新日志</h3>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
<table class="doctable informaltable">
|
||
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>版本</th>
|
||
<th>说明</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
</thead>
|
||
|
||
<tbody class="tbody">
|
||
|
||
<tr><td>5.1.0</td><td><p class="para">
|
||
现在发布 <strong><code>E_STRICT</code></strong> 和 <strong><code>E_NOTICE</code></strong>
|
||
时区错误。</p></td></tr>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.strftime-examples">
|
||
<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
如果你的系统里安装了各自的语言环境则下例能够正常运行。
|
||
<div class="example" id="example-2730">
|
||
<p><strong>Example #1 <span class="function"><strong>strftime()</strong></span> 区域的例子</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="example-contents">
|
||
<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
|
||
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br />setlocale</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">LC_TIME</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"C"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%A"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">setlocale</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">LC_TIME</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"fi_FI"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">" in Finnish is %A,"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">setlocale</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">LC_TIME</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"fr_FR"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">" in French %A and"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">setlocale</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">LC_TIME</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"de_DE"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">" in German %A.\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
<div class="example" id="example-2731">
|
||
<p><strong>Example #2 ISO 8601:1988 week number example</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="example-contents">
|
||
<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
|
||
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* December 2002 / January 2003<br />ISOWk M Tu W Thu F Sa Su<br />----- ----------------------------<br />51 16 17 18 19 20 21 22<br />52 23 24 25 26 27 28 29<br />1 30 31 1 2 3 4 5<br />2 6 7 8 9 10 11 12<br />3 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 */<br /><br />// 输出： 12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2002,2002<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%V,%G,%Y"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strtotime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"12/28/2002"</span><span style="color: #007700">)) . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 输出： 12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2002<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%V,%G,%Y"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strtotime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"12/30/2002"</span><span style="color: #007700">)) . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 输出： 1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2003<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%V,%G,%Y"</span><span style="color: #007700">,</span><span style="color: #0000BB">strtotime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"1/3/2003"</span><span style="color: #007700">)) . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 输出： 1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 2,2003,2003<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%V,%G,%Y"</span><span style="color: #007700">,</span><span style="color: #0000BB">strtotime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"1/10/2003"</span><span style="color: #007700">)) . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /><br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* December 2004 / January 2005<br />ISOWk M Tu W Thu F Sa Su<br />----- ----------------------------<br />51 13 14 15 16 17 18 19<br />52 20 21 22 23 24 25 26<br />53 27 28 29 30 31 1 2<br />1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9<br />2 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 */<br /><br />// 输出： 12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2004,2004<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%V,%G,%Y"</span><span style="color: #007700">,</span><span style="color: #0000BB">strtotime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"12/23/2004"</span><span style="color: #007700">)) . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 输出： 12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2004<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%V,%G,%Y"</span><span style="color: #007700">,</span><span style="color: #0000BB">strtotime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"12/31/2004"</span><span style="color: #007700">)) . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 输出： 1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2005<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%V,%G,%Y"</span><span style="color: #007700">,</span><span style="color: #0000BB">strtotime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"1/2/2005"</span><span style="color: #007700">)) . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 输出： 1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2005,2005<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%V,%G,%Y"</span><span style="color: #007700">,</span><span style="color: #0000BB">strtotime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"1/3/2005"</span><span style="color: #007700">)) . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
<div class="example" id="example-2732">
|
||
<p><strong>Example #3 <em>%e</em> 修改器跨平台兼容的例子</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="example-contents">
|
||
<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
|
||
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Jan 1: results in: '%e%1%' (%%, e, %%, %e, %%)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'%%e%%%e%%'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Check for Windows to find and replace the %e <br />// modifier correctly<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">if (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">strtoupper</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">substr</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">PHP_OS</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">0</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">3</span><span style="color: #007700">)) == </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'WIN'</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_replace</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'#(?<!%)((?:%%)*)%e#'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'</refsect1>%#d'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />}<br /><br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
<div class="example" id="example-2733">
|
||
<p><strong>Example #4 显示所有已知和未知的格式</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="example-contents">
|
||
<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
|
||
<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Describe the formats.<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$strftimeFormats </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'A' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'A full textual representation of the day'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'B' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Full month name, based on the locale'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'C' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Two digit representation of the century (year divided by 100, truncated to an integer)'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'D' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Same as "%m/%d/%y"'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'E' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'F' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Same as "%Y-%m-%d"'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'G' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'The full four-digit version of %g'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'H' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Two digit representation of the hour in 24-hour format'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'I' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Two digit representation of the hour in 12-hour format'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'J' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'K' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'L' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'M' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Two digit representation of the minute'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'N' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'O' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'P' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'lower-case "am" or "pm" based on the given time'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Q' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'R' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Same as "%H:%M"'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'S' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Two digit representation of the second'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'T' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Same as "%H:%M:%S"'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'U' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Week number of the given year, starting with the first Sunday as the first week'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'V' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'ISO-8601:1988 week number of the given year, starting with the first week of the year with at least 4 weekdays, with Monday being the start of the week'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'W' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'A numeric representation of the week of the year, starting with the first Monday as the first week'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'X' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Preferred time representation based on locale, without the date'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Y' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Four digit representation for the year'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Z' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'The time zone offset/abbreviation option NOT given by %z (depends on operating system)'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'a' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'An abbreviated textual representation of the day'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'b' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'c' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Preferred date and time stamp based on local'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'d' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Two-digit day of the month (with leading zeros)'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'e' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Day of the month, with a space preceding single digits'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'f' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'g' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Two digit representation of the year going by ISO-8601:1988 standards (see %V)'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'h' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale (an alias of %b)'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'i' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'j' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Day of the year, 3 digits with leading zeros'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'k' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'l' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Hour in 12-hour format, with a space preceeding single digits'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'m' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Two digit representation of the month'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'n' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'A newline character ("\n")'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'o' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'p' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'UPPER-CASE "AM" or "PM" based on the given time'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'q' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'r' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Same as "%I:%M:%S %p"'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'s' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Unix Epoch Time timestamp'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'t' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'A Tab character ("\t")'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'u' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'v' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'w' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Numeric representation of the day of the week'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'x' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Preferred date representation based on locale, without the time'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'y' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Two digit representation of the year'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'z' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Either the time zone offset from UTC or the abbreviation (depends on operating system)'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br /> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'%' </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'A literal percentage character ("%")'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br />);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Results.<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$strftimeValues </span><span style="color: #007700">= array();<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Evaluate the formats whilst suppressing any errors.<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">foreach(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$strftimeFormats </span><span style="color: #007700">as </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$description</span><span style="color: #007700">){<br /> if (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">False </span><span style="color: #007700">!== (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$value </span><span style="color: #007700">= @</span><span style="color: #0000BB">strftime</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"%</span><span style="color: #007700">{</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format</span><span style="color: #007700">}</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"</span><span style="color: #007700">))){<br /> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$strftimeValues</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format</span><span style="color: #007700">] = </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$value</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /> }<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Find the longest value.<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$maxValueLength </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">2 </span><span style="color: #007700">+ </span><span style="color: #0000BB">max</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_map</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'strlen'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$strftimeValues</span><span style="color: #007700">));<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Report known formats.<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">foreach(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$strftimeValues </span><span style="color: #007700">as </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$value</span><span style="color: #007700">){<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Known format : '</span><span style="color: #007700">{</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format</span><span style="color: #007700">}</span><span style="color: #DD0000">' = "</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">str_pad</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"'</span><span style="color: #007700">{</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$value</span><span style="color: #007700">}</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$maxValueLength</span><span style="color: #007700">), </span><span style="color: #DD0000">" ( </span><span style="color: #007700">{</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$strftimeFormats</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format</span><span style="color: #007700">]}</span><span style="color: #DD0000"> )\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Report unknown formats.<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">foreach(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_diff_key</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$strftimeFormats</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$strftimeValues</span><span style="color: #007700">) as </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format </span><span style="color: #007700">=> </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$description</span><span style="color: #007700">){<br /> echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Unknown format : '</span><span style="color: #007700">{</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$format</span><span style="color: #007700">}</span><span style="color: #DD0000">' "</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">str_pad</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">' '</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$maxValueLength</span><span style="color: #007700">), (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$description </span><span style="color: #007700">? </span><span style="color: #DD0000">" ( </span><span style="color: #007700">{</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$description</span><span style="color: #007700">}</span><span style="color: #DD0000"> )" </span><span style="color: #007700">: </span><span style="color: #DD0000">''</span><span style="color: #007700">), </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example-contents"><p>以上例程的输出类似于：</p></div>
|
||
<div class="example-contents screen">
|
||
<div class="cdata"><pre>
|
||
Known format : 'A' = 'Friday' ( A full textual representation of the day )
|
||
Known format : 'B' = 'December' ( Full month name, based on the locale )
|
||
Known format : 'H' = '11' ( Two digit representation of the hour in 24-hour format )
|
||
Known format : 'I' = '11' ( Two digit representation of the hour in 12-hour format )
|
||
Known format : 'M' = '24' ( Two digit representation of the minute )
|
||
Known format : 'S' = '44' ( Two digit representation of the second )
|
||
Known format : 'U' = '48' ( Week number of the given year, starting with the first Sunday as the first week )
|
||
Known format : 'W' = '48' ( A numeric representation of the week of the year, starting with the first Monday as the first week )
|
||
Known format : 'X' = '11:24:44' ( Preferred time representation based on locale, without the date )
|
||
Known format : 'Y' = '2010' ( Four digit representation for the year )
|
||
Known format : 'Z' = 'GMT Standard Time' ( The time zone offset/abbreviation option NOT given by %z (depends on operating system) )
|
||
Known format : 'a' = 'Fri' ( An abbreviated textual representation of the day )
|
||
Known format : 'b' = 'Dec' ( Abbreviated month name, based on the locale )
|
||
Known format : 'c' = '12/03/10 11:24:44' ( Preferred date and time stamp based on local )
|
||
Known format : 'd' = '03' ( Two-digit day of the month (with leading zeros) )
|
||
Known format : 'j' = '337' ( Day of the year, 3 digits with leading zeros )
|
||
Known format : 'm' = '12' ( Two digit representation of the month )
|
||
Known format : 'p' = 'AM' ( UPPER-CASE "AM" or "PM" based on the given time )
|
||
Known format : 'w' = '5' ( Numeric representation of the day of the week )
|
||
Known format : 'x' = '12/03/10' ( Preferred date representation based on locale, without the time )
|
||
Known format : 'y' = '10' ( Two digit representation of the year )
|
||
Known format : 'z' = 'GMT Standard Time' ( Either the time zone offset from UTC or the abbreviation (depends on operating system) )
|
||
Known format : '%' = '%' ( A literal percentage character ("%") )
|
||
Unknown format : 'C' ( Two digit representation of the century (year divided by 100, truncated to an integer) )
|
||
Unknown format : 'D' ( Same as "%m/%d/%y" )
|
||
Unknown format : 'E'
|
||
Unknown format : 'F' ( Same as "%Y-%m-%d" )
|
||
Unknown format : 'G' ( The full four-digit version of %g )
|
||
Unknown format : 'J'
|
||
Unknown format : 'K'
|
||
Unknown format : 'L'
|
||
Unknown format : 'N'
|
||
Unknown format : 'O'
|
||
Unknown format : 'P' ( lower-case "am" or "pm" based on the given time )
|
||
Unknown format : 'Q'
|
||
Unknown format : 'R' ( Same as "%H:%M" )
|
||
Unknown format : 'T' ( Same as "%H:%M:%S" )
|
||
Unknown format : 'V' ( ISO-8601:1988 week number of the given year, starting with the first week of the year with at least 4 weekdays, with Monday being the start of the week )
|
||
Unknown format : 'e' ( Day of the month, with a space preceding single digits )
|
||
Unknown format : 'f'
|
||
Unknown format : 'g' ( Two digit representation of the year going by ISO-8601:1988 standards (see %V) )
|
||
Unknown format : 'h' ( Abbreviated month name, based on the locale (an alias of %b) )
|
||
Unknown format : 'i'
|
||
Unknown format : 'k'
|
||
Unknown format : 'l' ( Hour in 12-hour format, with a space preceeding single digits )
|
||
Unknown format : 'n' ( A newline character ("\n") )
|
||
Unknown format : 'o'
|
||
Unknown format : 'q'
|
||
Unknown format : 'r' ( Same as "%I:%M:%S %p" )
|
||
Unknown format : 's' ( Unix Epoch Time timestamp )
|
||
Unknown format : 't' ( A Tab character ("\t") )
|
||
Unknown format : 'u' ( ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week )
|
||
Unknown format : 'v'
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.strftime-notes">
|
||
<h3 class="title">注释</h3>
|
||
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
|
||
<span class="simpara">
|
||
%G 和 %V，如果数字编号系统未能充分理解，基于 ISO 8601:1988
|
||
的星期数可能得出未预期的结果。见上面的 %V 和以下的例子。
|
||
</span>
|
||
</p></blockquote>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.strftime-seealso">
|
||
<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
|
||
<p class="para">
|
||
<ul class="simplelist">
|
||
<li class="member"><a href="http://strftime.net/" class="link external">» 在线 strftime() 格式设计工具</a></li>
|
||
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="setlocale.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">setlocale()</a> - 设置地区信息</span></li>
|
||
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="mktime.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">mktime()</a> - 取得一个日期的 Unix 时间戳</span></li>
|
||
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="strptime.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">strptime()</a> - 解析由 strftime 生成的日期／时间</span></li>
|
||
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="gmstrftime.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">gmstrftime()</a> - 根据区域设置格式化 GMT/UTC 时间／日期</span></li>
|
||
<li class="member"><a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xsh/strftime.html" class="link external">» Open Group specification of <span class="function"><strong>strftime()</strong></span></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div></div></div></body></html> |