uTools-Manuals/docs/php/system.html
2019-04-08 23:22:26 +08:00

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<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>执行外部程序,并且显示输出</title>
</head>
<body class="docs"><div id="layout">
<div id="layout-content"><div id="function.system" class="refentry">
<div class="refnamediv">
<h1 class="refname">system</h1>
<p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">system</span> &mdash; <span class="dc-title">执行外部程序,并且显示输出</span></p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.system-description">
<h3 class="title">说明</h3>
<div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
<span class="methodname"><strong>system</strong></span>
( <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">string</span> <code class="parameter">$command</code></span>
[, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type">int</span> <code class="parameter reference">&$return_var</code></span>
] ) : <span class="type">string</span></div>
<p class="para rdfs-comment">
同 C 版本的 <span class="function"><strong>system()</strong></span> 函数一样,
本函数执行 <code class="parameter">command</code> 参数所指定的命令,
并且输出执行结果。
</p>
<p class="para">
如果 PHP 运行在服务器模块中,
<span class="function"><strong>system()</strong></span> 函数还会尝试在每行输出完毕之后,
自动刷新 web 服务器的输出缓存。
</p>
<p class="para">
如果要获取一个命令未经任何处理的
原始输出,
请使用 <span class="function"><a href="passthru.html" class="function">passthru()</a></span> 函数。
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.system-parameters">
<h3 class="title">参数</h3>
<p class="para">
<dl>
<dt>
<code class="parameter">command</code></dt>
<dd>
<p class="para">
要执行的命令。
</p>
</dd>
<dt>
<code class="parameter">return_var</code></dt>
<dd>
<p class="para">
如果提供 <code class="parameter">return_var</code> 参数,
则外部命令执行后的返回状态将会被设置到此变量中。
</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.system-returnvalues">
<h3 class="title">返回值</h3>
<p class="para">
成功则返回命令输出的最后一行,
失败则返回 <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.system-examples">
<h3 class="title">范例</h3>
<p class="para">
<div class="example" id="example-4363">
<p><strong>Example #1 <span class="function"><strong>system()</strong></span> 例程</strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="phpcode"><pre><span style="color: #000000">
<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'&lt;pre&gt;'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">//&nbsp;输出&nbsp;shell&nbsp;命令&nbsp;"ls"&nbsp;的返回结果<br />//&nbsp;并且将输出的最后一样内容返回到&nbsp;$last_line。<br />//&nbsp;将命令的返回值保存到&nbsp;$retval。<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$last_line&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">=&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">system</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'ls'</span><span style="color: #007700">,&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$retval</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">//&nbsp;打印更多信息<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'<br />&lt;/pre&gt;<br />&lt;hr&nbsp;/&gt;Last&nbsp;line&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;output:&nbsp;'&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">.&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$last_line&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">.&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'<br />&lt;hr&nbsp;/&gt;Return&nbsp;value:&nbsp;'&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">.&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$retval</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>
</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.system-notes">
<h3 class="title">注释</h3>
<div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warning</strong><p class="para">当用户提供的数据传入此函数,使用
<span class="function"><a href="escapeshellarg.html" class="function">escapeshellarg()</a></span><span class="function"><a href="escapeshellcmd.html" class="function">escapeshellcmd()</a></span>
来确保用户欺骗系统从而执行任意命令。</p></div>
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>: <p class="para">如何程序使用此函数启动,为了能保持在后台运行,此程序必须将输出重定向到文件或其它输出流。否则会导致
PHP 挂起,直至程序执行结束。</p></p></blockquote>
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>: <span class="simpara"><a href="features.safe_mode.html" class="link">安全模式</a> 启用时,可仅可用
<a href="ini.sect.safe-mode.html#ini.safe-mode-exec-dir" class="link">safe_mode_exec_dir</a> 执行文件。实际上,现在不允许在到可执行的路径中存在 <em>..</em> 组件。</span></p></blockquote>
<div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warning</strong><p class="simpara"><a href="features.safe_mode.html" class="link">安全模式</a> 启用时,命令字符串会被
<span class="function"><a href="escapeshellcmd.html" class="function">escapeshellcmd()</a></span> 转换。因此,<em>echo y | echo x</em> 会变成
<em>echo y \| echo x</em></p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.system-seealso">
<h3 class="title">参见</h3>
<p class="para">
<ul class="simplelist">
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="exec.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">exec()</a> - 执行一个外部程序</span></li>
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="passthru.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">passthru()</a> - 执行外部程序并且显示原始输出</span></li>
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="popen.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">popen()</a> - 打开进程文件指针</span></li>
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="escapeshellcmd.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">escapeshellcmd()</a> - shell 元字符转义</span></li>
<li class="member"><span class="function"><a href="pcntl_exec.html" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">pcntl_exec()</a> - 在当前进程空间执行指定程序</span></li>
<li class="member"><a href="language.operators.execution.html" class="link">执行操作符</a></li>
</ul>
</p>
</div>
</div></div></div></body></html>